Optics: Electric fields, beams, irradiance

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the energy measured by a photodetector from an electromagnetic wave confined to a beam. The maximum electric field is determined to be 7950 N/C, and the irradiance calculated is 83941.14 W/m². The power of the beam is derived from the irradiance multiplied by the area of the beam, which is calculated using the formula for the area of a circle. Since the photodetector's active area (5 cm diameter) is larger than the beam (0.75 mm diameter), it captures the entire energy output of the beam without needing to consider any fraction of energy.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic waves and their properties
  • Knowledge of electric field strength and its measurement
  • Familiarity with the concept of irradiance and its calculation
  • Basic geometry for calculating the area of a circle
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  • Study the relationship between electric fields and electromagnetic waves
  • Learn about the principles of photodetection and sensor response
  • Explore advanced topics in irradiance calculations for varying beam sizes
  • Investigate the effects of beam divergence on energy measurement
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Students and professionals in physics, electrical engineering, and optical engineering who are involved in the study of electromagnetic waves and their interactions with photodetectors.

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Homework Statement



An electromagnetic wave in a vacuum /w magnetic field of 265 mG.

If the wave is spatially confined to a beam with a diameter of .75mm, how much energy is measured by a photodetector with an active area with diameter 5 cm in one second.


The Attempt at a Solution



This is one part of the question, but its the only one that has me stuck. I found the max electric field to be 7950 N/c, and the irradiance I found to be 83941.14 W/m^2. I know that irradiance is power/area, so to get the beam power, I'd take 83941.14*(pi*(.00075/2)^2). Then power is energy per unit time, so I'd just divide by one second to get the beam energy. The confusion comes when the photodetector comes into play. I'm not sure how the active area of the photodetector affects the energy that it reads. This is where I'm stumped. Any help is appreciated
 
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Since the detector is larger than the beam, it receives the full energy of the beam.

If the detector were smaller than the beam, you would have to figure out what fraction of the beam energy actually hits the detector. (But for this problem you do not need to do this.)
 

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