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BacalhauGT
- 21
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I Still don't understand why the group velocity has to be less than c but phase velocity not.
Can you explain me this?
Thank you
Can you explain me this?
Thank you

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The group velocity is the same as the velocity of the particle and can't be higher than the speed of light according to the equations of special relativity.
The phase velocity is the speed of the peaks of the wave and can travel faster than light. The speed of the peaks is more of a mathematical concept; no physical thing is traveling that fast. Since no energy or mass or information is going faster than light, the equations of special relativity are not violated.
It's related to these examples (copied from Wikipedia):
"If a laser is swept across a distant object, the spot of laser light can easily be made to move across the object at a speed greater than c. Similarly, a shadow projected onto a distant object can be made to move across the object faster than c. In neither case does the light travel from the source to the object faster than c, nor does any information travel faster than light."
I recently had a question related to this. The thread is here:
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=693357
Posts #8 and #9 have derivations of phase and group velocities that you might find helpful.
When you say "The group velocity is the same as the velocity of the particle and can't be higher than the speed of light according to the equations of special relativity." you need quantum mechanics, right?