Thank you so much for the answers. So what decide the intensity shape?Gordianus said:
Polarization refers to the direction of the electric field oscillations in a light wave, while intensity refers to the amount of energy carried by the light. A Gaussian beam can have different polarization states, such as linear, circular, or elliptical, while its intensity remains constant along the beam profile.
The polarization of a Gaussian beam is determined by the orientation of the electric field vector with respect to the direction of propagation. This can be controlled by using polarizers or waveplates to manipulate the polarization state of the beam.
The intensity of a Gaussian beam is primarily affected by the beam's power and its beam waist, which is the point of maximum intensity along the beam profile. Other factors that can affect intensity include the beam's divergence, wavelength, and any obstructions or imperfections in the optical setup.
As a Gaussian beam propagates through a medium, its polarization can be affected by various factors such as birefringence, optical activity, and scattering. These effects can cause the polarization state of the beam to change, leading to changes in its intensity and other properties.
Yes, the polarization and intensity of a Gaussian beam can be measured using various techniques such as polarimetry, interferometry, and photodetection. These methods allow for precise measurements of the beam's properties, which are important for many applications in optics and photonics.