Problem Dealing with Linear Angular Momentum

In summary, the conversation discusses a thought experiment involving a rotating rod and a sliding object, with initial conditions of mass, length, and moment of inertia. The question is posed about the velocity and angular velocity as a function of theta, both with and without a collision with a bumper. The possibility of finding a solution using Galilean velocity transformation is also considered.
  • #1
e2m2a
354
11
I have a thought experiment that I cannot solve. (This is not a homework assignment. In fact, I have never seen it posted in any physics textbook, probably because of its advanced nature.) I don't know if there is an analytical solution to this problem or if only a numerical approximation is possible. Here is the thought experiment.
Suppose we have a long, thin rod with mass m1 which rotates at one end of the rod on a vertical axis which is rigidly attached to a second object of mass m2 which we will denote as the slider. Viewed from above the slider can move in a straight line along the y-axis of an x-y coordinate system if the slider is not constrained from moving. We assume there is no friction in this thought experiment. The rod rotates in a counter-clockwise direction in a plane parallel to the surface of the slider. The initial angular velocity of the rod we denote as wi. The moment of inertia of the rod is 1/3 m1 L^2, where L is the length of the rod. The slider is initially prevented from moving by a locking mechanism.
At some point in time as the rod rotates and is at an angle < 90 degrees and > 0 degrees with respect to the x-axis of the x-y coordinate system, the locking mechanism is released. The slider begins to move forward in the positive y-direction. This is due to the y-component of the centrifugal reactive force which acts on the axis of the slider. The centrifugal reactive force is equal and opposite to the centripetal force which acts on the center of mass of the rod. The angle of the rod with respect to the x-axis at which angle the locking mechanism is released and the slider begins to move, we denote as phi. At any other angle of the rod greater than phi, but less than 90 degrees, we denote this angle as theta. At any given angle theta, the slider will have a velocity denoted as vs and the angular velocity of the rotator we will denote as simply w.
What would vs and w be as a function of theta, given the initial conditions of wi, phi, m1, m2, and moment of inertia 1/3m1 L^2? What would vs and w be as a function of time, given the same initial conditions? I think the second problem cannot be solved analytically, only with a numerical approximation, and I am more interested in the solution to vs and w as a function of theta.
Also, there is one more additional problem. Suppose the slider makes an inelastic collision with a front bumper at some angle theta. What would the post-collision angular velocity of the rod be given the same initial conditions? Would anyone venture to give a solution to this problem? I think it may involve linear angular momentum, but I am not sure.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Is it possible that a solution to this problem could be found if we analyze what happens to the system if the rod is allowed to fly off from its connection to the vertical rod at some angle theta? Then we could analyze the dynamics of the system from the reference point of the slider and from an inertial laboratory reference point. Would Galilean velocity transformation help yield a solution?
 

1. What is linear and angular momentum?

Linear momentum is the measure of a body's motion in a straight line. It is calculated by multiplying the mass of the object by its velocity. Angular momentum, on the other hand, is the measure of a body's rotational motion. It is calculated by multiplying the moment of inertia by the angular velocity.

2. What is the conservation of linear and angular momentum?

The conservation of linear and angular momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant, unless acted upon by an external force. This means that in a closed system, the total linear and angular momentum before an event is equal to the total linear and angular momentum after the event.

3. How is linear and angular momentum related?

Linear and angular momentum are related through the concept of torque. Torque is the measure of a force's ability to cause rotational motion. It is equal to the product of the force applied and the distance from the axis of rotation. This means that an object with a larger linear momentum will also have a larger angular momentum.

4. What are some real-life examples of linear and angular momentum?

Some examples of linear momentum in everyday life include a moving car, a basketball being thrown, or a person riding a bike. Examples of angular momentum can be seen in the rotation of a spinning top, a figure skater performing a spin, or a planet orbiting around the sun.

5. How is linear and angular momentum used in physics?

Linear and angular momentum are important concepts in physics and are used to understand and predict the motion of objects. They are used in the study of mechanics, such as in the analysis of collisions or the movement of objects in a gravitational field. They also play a role in fields such as engineering, robotics, and astronomy.

Similar threads

Replies
1
Views
328
Replies
3
Views
1K
Replies
15
Views
977
Replies
9
Views
1K
Replies
5
Views
1K
Replies
3
Views
913
Replies
2
Views
880
Replies
36
Views
3K
Back
Top