Process of increasing solar cell efficiency- what's it like?

[Fizicks1]

I've recently gained an interest in solar cells and it's development. I know the basic working principle of solar cells, but other than that I'm quite clueless about the field.

I was wondering, what is the process of increasing solar cell efficiency like? Are there analytical ways of improving solar cell efficiencies? Or do researchers experiment with different material, structures, and designs through trial and error?

Any input is greatly appreciated!

Thanks.

 

[Ryan_m_b]

I can't answer your exact question but it's worth noting that solar panels are already quite efficient and increasing their efficiency isn't a barrier to their adoption.

EDIT: link fixed

 

[Bobbywhy]

Fizicks1, You may see an excellent graph of Photovoltaic Cell efficiency advances over the years at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_celland a good basic tutorial on the things scientists can do to increase it:
http://www.eere.energy.gov/basics/renewable_energy/pv_cell_conversion_efficiency.html

 

[etudiant]

As you examine solar cell efficiency, do keep in mind that there is only about 1.4kw/m**2 of solar energy available at the Earth's surface at most.
The average amount is much less, because of the day/night cycle and clouds.
Only that residual, maybe 500w/m**2 on average, is available to generate power in solar cells.
Currently available solar cells are 10-20% efficient, so maybe a 100w/m**2 cell output on average if power storage is available.
Cutting cost of the cells or developing effective power storage are probably the areas of most intensive research currently, even more so than improving cell efficiency.