Proof about relatively prime integers.

In summary, if there are n+1 integers less than or equal to 2n, at least 2 of them must be relatively prime. This is because, when considering n even numbers between 0 and 2n, none of them are relatively prime. However, when adding another number to the set, it will be odd and next to an even number. Consecutive integers are relatively prime because their only common factor is 1. This can be connected to Ramsey theory by using the pigeon hole principle to show that there must be at least 2 consecutive integers in the set.
  • #1
cragar
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Homework Statement


Prove that if you have n+1 integers less than or equal to 2n then at least 2 are relatively prime.

The Attempt at a Solution


the book say integers but I am pretty sure this will only work in the natural numbers.
there are n even numbers between 0 and 2n okay and none of those are relatively prime but when we pick another number it will be odd and next to and even number. We know that consecutive integers are relatively prime because if they shared common factors it should divide their difference but the difference is (n+1)-n=1. so 1 is their only common factor. and picking n even integers is the most you pick that share common factors because multiples of 2 occur more frequently than any other multiple of a prime, because 2 is the smallest prime.
I am just wondering how would i connect this to Ramsey theory.
 
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  • #2
You could shorten the proof a bit, just saying "there must be two that are consecutive". If you wanted to spell out the proof of that you could do it using the pigeon hole principle, which is at the root of Ramsey theory.
 

1. What are relatively prime integers?

Relatively prime integers are two numbers that have no common factors other than 1. This means that their greatest common divisor (GCD) is equal to 1.

2. How do you prove that two integers are relatively prime?

To prove that two integers are relatively prime, you can use the Euclidean algorithm to find their GCD. If the GCD is equal to 1, then the numbers are relatively prime.

3. Can three or more integers be relatively prime?

Yes, three or more integers can be relatively prime. This means that they have no common factors other than 1. However, it is important to note that not all of the integers in the group have to be relatively prime to each other, as long as there are no common factors between any pair of integers.

4. Are relatively prime integers always prime numbers?

No, relatively prime integers do not have to be prime numbers. For example, 6 and 35 are relatively prime, but neither of them is a prime number.

5. How are relatively prime integers used in cryptography?

In cryptography, relatively prime integers are often used to generate public and private keys for encryption and decryption. This is because the GCD of two large prime numbers is very difficult to calculate, making it a useful tool for securing sensitive information.

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