The discussion centers on proving the trigonometric equation cosx + cos3x + cos5x = sin6x/2sinx. Participants emphasize the importance of using trigonometric identities, particularly sum/difference and multiple-angle identities, to simplify the equation. There is a suggestion to express both sides in terms of single variables, such as using sin(5x) as sin(4x+x) for expansion. The use of complex numbers and Euler's formula is mentioned, although it's noted that these concepts are not typically covered in general trigonometry. Overall, the focus is on applying identities to facilitate the proof of the equation.