Pulley problem involves Friction static and Kinetic problem

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The discussion revolves around calculating the difference between static and kinetic friction coefficients for a pulley problem involving two masses, M1 and M2. M1, with a mass of 6.51 kg, is on a horizontal surface, while M2 begins to accelerate downwards at 3.12 kg with an acceleration of 1.52 m/s². The calculations involve determining the tension in the string and applying Newton's second law to derive the static and kinetic friction coefficients. The final values obtained are mu static at approximately 0.405 and mu kinetic at about 0.24976, resulting in a difference of 0.155. The discussion highlights the importance of correctly applying force equations for both masses to arrive at accurate results.
Leocardinal
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Homework Statement



M1 has a mass of 6.51 kg. It is on a horizontal surface, connected by a light string to a hook. Mass M2 can be increased smoothly by adding masses little at a time. The pulley has a negligible mass and no friction.

When M2 is 3.12 kg it begins to accelerate downwards at a rate of 1.52 m/s2. Calculate mu static -mu kinetic for M1 on the surface.

I was also given this hint, First calculate ms (from knowing the force it takes to begin moving) and then mk (from the given acceleration) and subtract

Homework Equations



F= Ma


Mass2
Fnety = T-Mg


Mass1

Fnetx= T-Fstatic

Fs= Mus*Fn

Fk= Muk* FN

The Attempt at a Solution



Mass2
Fnety = T-Mg
-4.74N= T-30.576N
T= 25.83

Mass1

Fnetx= T-Fkinetic
9.89N= 25.83-15.934
Fk= Muk*Fn
15.9348/63.798= 25.83

Muk= .24976

Fnet=0
T-Fs=
25.83

Fs= Mus* FN

25.836= Mus * FN
25.836/63.798

Mus=.405

Mus-Muk= .155
 

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There is something odd about this solution and I can't quite pin it down. I think you are supposed to write F = ma for each mass as your starting point. This would give you 2 equations:
[1] T - u*m1*g = m1*a and [2] m2*g - T = m2*a
where T is the tension in the string between the two masses.
When a = 0, you get T = u*m1*g from [1] and when you put it into [2] you have m2*g = u*m1*g which gives u = m2/m1 = 0.479 for the static coefficient.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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