Question regarding quadratic-like residues in (Z/pZ) .

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Question regarding quadratic-like residues in (Z/pZ).

Hi all.

I'm working in the set that is formed by extending the integers mod p (p is prime and equal to 3 mod 4) by including i = \sqrt{-1}: (Z/pZ). I want to know if the exists a 'z' in (Z/pZ) for a given non-zero element 'a' of Z/pZ such that 'a = z\overline{z}'. If anyone could point me in a fruitful direction on this I would be most grateful.

-Z
 
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You're basically asking if a is the sum of two squares in Z/pZ. This is true even if p != 3 mod 4. Try to mimic the proof of the fact that a prime = 1 mod 4 is the sum of two squares in Z.

For related material, you can try reading up on "formally real fields". (Z/pZ is a nonexample.)
 


Many thanks!
 

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