Questions about geometric albedo and phase angle

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An object can be observed from Earth at full phase because full phase refers to maximum illumination, not complete illumination. The moon's orbit is inclined relative to the Earth-Sun orbit, allowing it to be visible even when the Earth is between the sun and the moon. While the Earth can eclipse the moon, this only occurs during a lunar eclipse, which is when the moon would achieve complete illumination. The concept of full phase is tied to the lunar cycle, indicating the moon's position rather than its total brightness. Therefore, full phase does not equate to perfect visibility, but rather the peak of illumination during its cycle.
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If our sun is the source of illumination, how can an object be observed from the Earth at full phase? Wouldn't the Earth eclipse the object? So then why can we see a full moon during full phase? Is it because the moon's orbit is inclined wrt to the Earth-Sun orbit? If so then wouldn't this by definition not be full phase?
 
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You're right, full phase isn't perfectly-completely illuminated... but the deviation is small. Full phase is defined relative to the lunar cycle, i.e. full = maximum, not complete illumination. Eclipses do happen when the Earth blocks the sunlight from the moon---which is when it would have been a truly complete full-moon.
 
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