Questions about OK5 in High-Noise Environment

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the configuration of an optocoupler (OK5) in a circuit designed for operation in a high-noise environment. Participants explore whether a resistor is necessary for the collector and how to effectively manage noise and signal integrity in the circuit.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the necessity of a resistor limiting the collector of the optocoupler and suggests using a pull-up resistor to ground when the LED is on.
  • Another participant recommends adding a resistor to ground from the emitter of the transistor to ensure the output is pulled low when the PWM is off, suggesting a value of 4.7 kΩ.
  • A participant expresses curiosity about the choice of 4.7 kΩ, noting their prior assumption that 10 kΩ would be appropriate and seeks guidance on selecting resistor values.
  • One participant shares that 4.7 kΩ is a typical value based on experience and suggests that a lower resistance may be necessary depending on the circuit's requirements.
  • Another participant advises against using a 100 kΩ resistor and suggests using a potentiometer to find the optimal resistance value, while also recommending a series resistor to protect the transistor.
  • There is a mention of the need to bypass the collector at the chip to prevent interference from digital noise, with a suggestion to use 0.1 µF ceramic capacitors for this purpose.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the appropriate resistor values and configurations, indicating that multiple competing approaches remain without a clear consensus on the best solution.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference assumptions about the high impedance of the Stamp input and the potential impact of leakage currents, which may affect the choice of resistor values. The discussion also highlights the importance of managing noise in the circuit, but specific conditions and limitations are not fully resolved.

Wetmelon
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Hi there!

In the circuit attached, I am curious about OK5 (the optocoupler on the right side). Is it ok to leave the collector like that, with no resistor limiting it? Should I set it up differently, with the pin attached to the collector and a pull-up resistor, grounding it when the LED is on? This is in a high noise environment, so I would like to clean up as much as possible.

P.s. Do you see any other issues that should be addressed in the circuit?
 

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There should be a resistor to ground from the emitter of this transistor to pull the output to the Stamp low when the PWM is off. Maybe try a 4.7 K there and adjust on test.

Assuming the Stamp input is high impedance, even some slight leakage of this transistor would cause the Stamp input to go high without an external resistor to ground.
 
vk6kro said:
There should be a resistor to ground from the emitter of this transistor to pull the output to the Stamp low when the PWM is off. Maybe try a 4.7 K there and adjust on test.

Assuming the Stamp input is high impedance, even some slight leakage of this transistor would cause the Stamp input to go high without an external resistor to ground.

I'm curious why you picked the value of 4.7k ohms. I've not been instructed formally in the use of pull-up/pull-down resistors, and I have been generally assuming 10k is appropriate for what I'm doing. How should I be deciding on a resistance?
 
Just experience. It may be necessary to modify this, but 4.7 K would be a typical value.

You could try 10 K but I wouldn't try 100 K. It is just a figure to put you in the right ballpark.
4.7K means the maximum current of the transistor would be about 1 mA, so I expect you would have to make this resistor lower than 4.7 K if anything.

You could put in a 10 K pot as a rheostat and find the best value like that and then measure the resistance and substitute a suitable fixed resistor. Or just leave the pot in position.
Put a 470 ohm resistor in series with the pot to avoid the transistor being destroyed by too much current if the pot is set too low in resistance.

Incidentally, the collector should be bypassed at the chip. This is not shown, but you may intend to do it anyway.
It tends to stop digital garbage from other parts of the board getting into your opto coupler.

I use 0.1 uF monolithic ceramic capacitors and these seem to do a good job, although you can rip the legs off them pretty easily if you are too rough with them.
 

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