Voltage (V) is directly proportional to current (I), expressed as V = R * I, where R is resistance. The discussion clarifies that while one could express current as proportional to voltage (I ∝ V), it would require a different constant, known as conductance (G), which is defined as G = I/V. Resistance (R) is a conventionally defined quantity, and its definition is not arbitrary but based on established electrical principles. The units of conductance are Siemens, previously referred to as mhos. The distinction between resistance and conductance highlights their inverse relationship, with resistance indicating how difficult it is for current to flow.