Resulting force on a chamfered pneumatic piston

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    Force Piston Pneumatic
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the forces acting on a chamfered pneumatic piston, specifically examining how the chamfer affects the resulting force due to changes in surface area and pressure. The scope includes theoretical considerations of fluid mechanics and pneumatic systems.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation, Conceptual clarification, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant proposes that the force on a pneumatic piston can be calculated using the formula P = F/a, suggesting that increasing the surface area due to a chamfer might affect the resulting force.
  • Another participant argues that the pressure acts normal to the surface, indicating that the net effect of increased surface area is zero, as only the downward component of pressure is relevant.
  • A subsequent participant questions whether the chamfer can be ignored, suggesting that the projected area of the chamfer plus the flat surface area is equivalent to the area of a completely flat piston.
  • A later reply confirms this viewpoint, stating that the chamfer can indeed be ignored in this context.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the chamfer does not affect the resulting force, as the projected area remains consistent with that of a flat piston. However, the initial proposal regarding the impact of increased surface area introduces some debate.

Contextual Notes

There may be limitations in the assumptions regarding pressure distribution and the definition of effective area, which are not fully resolved in the discussion.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in pneumatic systems, fluid mechanics, and engineering applications related to force calculations on pistons may find this discussion relevant.

inkblotch
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TL;DR
What happens to the resulting force in a pneumatic cylinder, if the piston inside were chamfered.
I was reading up on forces on hydraulic/pneumatic cylinders, and I've been thinking of this for a while:

So for a pneumatic cylinder, the force on the piston is simply:
P = F/a
F = P x a
where a = area of the piston that the air pressure is acting on.

So what would happen if the piston is chamfered, thus increasing the surface area?
pistons.png

See above, (red circles are o-rings). In a closed system, my guess is :
  1. The overall volume has increased, decreasing the pressure inside
  2. However, surface area is increased due to the chamfer
  3. Therefore the resulting downward force is the same.
Is this idea correct, or have I missed something?
Edit : The next step is, given the same air pressure, how could we estimate the increase in downward force?
 
Last edited:
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The pressure acts normal to the surface, so the net effect of increased surface is zero (since only the downward component of pressure matters), and the product of downward component times area is the same as total pressure times projected area.
 
So it means the chamfer can just be ignored, since the projected area of the chamfer + the area of the flat surface is the same as just the area of the completely flat piston?
 
inkblotch said:
So it means the chamfer can just be ignored, since the projected area of the chamfer + the area of the flat surface is the same as just the area of the completely flat piston?
Yes
 

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