Rotation of a Ridgid Body (two masses suspended from a pulley)

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the dynamics of a system involving two masses (4.0 kg and 2.0 kg) connected by a massless rope over a pulley with a diameter of 12 cm and a mass of 2.0 kg. The friction at the axle exerts a torque of 0.55 N*m. The user initially calculated the acceleration of the 4.0 kg block to be -2.14 m/s², leading to an incorrect time of 0.97 seconds for the block to reach the floor. The error was identified as a miscalculation in the torque equation, specifically not multiplying the entire numerator correctly.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law of motion
  • Familiarity with torque and rotational dynamics
  • Knowledge of kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion
  • Ability to analyze free body diagrams
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the principles of rotational dynamics, specifically torque calculations
  • Study the application of free body diagrams in multi-body systems
  • Learn about the relationship between linear acceleration and angular acceleration
  • Practice similar problems involving pulleys and connected masses
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and dynamics, as well as educators looking for examples of problem-solving in rotational motion.

Gotejjeken
Messages
27
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



The two blocks in the figure are connected by a massless rope that passes over a pulley. The pulley is 12 cm in diameter and has a mass of 2.0 kg. As the pulley turns, friction at the axle exerts a torque of magnitude 0.55 N * m.

12.P70.jpg


If the blocks are released from rest, how long does it take the 4.0 kg block to reach the floor?

Homework Equations



Taking mass 1 (m1) to be on the left, and mass 2 (m2) to be on the right:

m1 = 4.0 kg
m2 = 2.0 kg
r = 0.06 m
Mp = 2.0 kg
f = 0.55 N * m

a(m2) = -a(m1)
T1 = m1 * a(m1) + m1 * g (T1 = Tension on mass 1)
T2 = m2 * g - m2 * a(m1) (T2 = Tension on mass 2)

Net Torque = T1 * r - T2 * r - f
alpha = Net Torque / I
I = 1/2 * Mp * r^2 (where Mp = Mass of Pulley)

a(m1) = -alpha * r (negative acceleration and positive rotation)

y = 1/2 * a * (delta)t^2

The Attempt at a Solution



Using the above equations I get:

Code:
 alpha =  2*r(T1 - T2) - f 
         ------------------
              Mp * r^2

Substituting that alpha into the a(m1) = -alpha * r equation and then solving for a(m1), I get a(m1) = -2.14 m/s^2. Then substituting this value for acceleration into the above kinematic equation and solving for time, I get the time to be 0.97s, which is wrong.

I'm not sure if my issue is just an issue of messing up the signs, or if I am approaching the problem wrong. Any help would be appreciated.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
Hi Gotejjeken,

Gotejjeken said:

Homework Statement



The two blocks in the figure are connected by a massless rope that passes over a pulley. The pulley is 12 cm in diameter and has a mass of 2.0 kg. As the pulley turns, friction at the axle exerts a torque of magnitude 0.55 N * m.

12.P70.jpg


If the blocks are released from rest, how long does it take the 4.0 kg block to reach the floor?

Homework Equations



Taking mass 1 (m1) to be on the left, and mass 2 (m2) to be on the right:

m1 = 4.0 kg
m2 = 2.0 kg
r = 0.06 m
Mp = 2.0 kg
f = 0.55 N * m

a(m2) = -a(m1)
T1 = m1 * a(m1) + m1 * g (T1 = Tension on mass 1)
T2 = m2 * g - m2 * a(m1) (T2 = Tension on mass 2)

Net Torque = T1 * r - T2 * r - f
alpha = Net Torque / I
I = 1/2 * Mp * r^2 (where Mp = Mass of Pulley)

a(m1) = -alpha * r (negative acceleration and positive rotation)

y = 1/2 * a * (delta)t^2

The Attempt at a Solution



Using the above equations I get:

Code:
 alpha =  2*r(T1 - T2) - f 
         ------------------
              Mp * r^2

This might just be a typo, but here the 2 should multiply the entire numerator, not just the r(T1-T2) part.
Substituting that alpha into the a(m1) = -alpha * r equation and then solving for a(m1), I get a(m1) = -2.14 m/s^2.

It's difficult to tell (since you haven't show what numbers you used) but I believe in your calculation you are using 12cm as the radius, instead of 6cm. Is that what went wrong?

Then substituting this value for acceleration into the above kinematic equation and solving for time, I get the time to be 0.97s, which is wrong.

I'm not sure if my issue is just an issue of messing up the signs, or if I am approaching the problem wrong. Any help would be appreciated.
 
Oh man, not multiplying all the way through with the 2 was the problem. Thanks, I'm not sure I would have caught that and would most likely be pulling my hair out right now...sometimes it just takes an extra set of eyes =).
 
I am doing a very similar problem right now, and I don't understand how you were able to determine what T1 or T2 were equal to.
 
It's been a while, but looking at my old notes I had (these are free body diagram equations):

Mass1:

(Fnet)y: T1 - m1*g = m1*a(m1)y

Mass2:

(Fnet)y: T2- m2*g = m2*a(m2)y

Then just solved those for T1 and T2 respectively. After that it looks like an application of the torque equations and then putting everything together to get that final equation above and getting acceleration / falling time from there.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 102 ·
4
Replies
102
Views
8K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
  • · Replies 34 ·
2
Replies
34
Views
4K
Replies
1
Views
1K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
5K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
4K