Simple complex numbers integral

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SUMMARY

The integral of cos4(θ) from 0 to 2π can be evaluated using complex numbers by expressing cos4(θ) as (1/24)(e + e-jθ)4. The resulting integral simplifies to (1/16)∫0(e4jθ + 4e2jθ + 4e-2jθ + e-4jθ + 6) dθ. Evaluating the integral reveals that all exponential terms contribute zero, leaving only the constant term 6, which results in the final value of (6/16)(2π) = (3π/8).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of complex numbers and Euler's formula
  • Familiarity with integration techniques in calculus
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities, specifically cos4(θ)
  • Experience with evaluating definite integrals
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Euler's formula in complex analysis
  • Learn about the properties of definite integrals involving periodic functions
  • Explore advanced integration techniques, such as contour integration
  • Investigate the use of Fourier series in relation to trigonometric integrals
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Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those focusing on calculus and complex analysis, as well as anyone interested in integrating trigonometric functions using complex numbers.

elcotufa
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Homework Statement


Integrate using complex numbers
[tex] \int\limits_0^{2\pi} cos^4(\theta)[/tex]


Homework Equations


[tex] cos^4(\theta)= (\frac{e^{j\theta} + e^{-j\theta}}2)^4[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


[tex] <br /> \frac 1{2^4} (e^{j\theta} + e^{-j\theta})^4 [/tex]

I got
[tex] \frac 1{2^4} \int^{2\pi}_0 (e^{4j\theta}+4e^{2j\theta}+4e^{-2j\theta}+e^{-4j\theta}+6)[/tex]

After this I am not sure what to do

The integral of [tex] \int e^{4j}[/tex] would be [tex]\frac{e^{4j\theta}}{4j}[/tex]?

How do I cancel them?

Input appreciated
 
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elcotufa said:

Homework Statement


Integrate using complex numbers
[tex] \int\limits_0^{2\pi} cos^4(\theta)[/tex]


Homework Equations


[tex] cos^4(\theta)= (\frac{e^{j\theta} + e^{-j\theta}}2)^4[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


[tex] <br /> \frac 1{2^4} (e^{j\theta} + e^{-j\theta})^4 [/tex]

I got
[tex] \frac 1{2^4} \int^{2\pi}_0 (e^{4j\theta}+4e^{2j\theta}+4e^{-2j\theta}+e^{-4j\theta}+6)[/tex]

After this I am not sure what to do

The integral of [tex] \int e^{4j}[/tex] would be [tex]\frac{e^{4j\theta}}{4j}[/tex]?

How do I cancel them?

Input appreciated

Sure, that's the integral of e^(4j*theta). You'll notice if you evaluate it from 0 to 2*pi the result is 0. The same for all the other exponentials. The only term that contributes is the 6.
 
thanks man
 

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