The invention of a Newton, how was it measured back then?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the historical context of the Newton as a unit of measurement, specifically questioning how Isaac Newton measured mass and acceleration. Participants explore the definition of a Newton, the distinction between mass and weight, and the implications of gravitational force.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant provides the definition of a Newton, emphasizing its relation to mass and acceleration.
  • Another participant clarifies that Newton did not define the unit named after him, which was established long after his death.
  • There is a discussion about the tools Newton might have used to measure mass and acceleration, with some participants questioning the precision of such measurements in his time.
  • A participant raises a question about the nature of weight, asking whether it is the gravitational field exerting force on mass or if the mass exerts force on the gravitational field.
  • Responses indicate that both interpretations of weight are valid, referencing Newton's third law to explain the interaction between mass and gravitational force.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the distinction between mass and weight, but there is no consensus on the specifics of how Newton measured these quantities or the implications of gravitational force.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the historical context of Newton's work and the definitions of physical quantities, which may not be fully resolved. The precision of measurements in Newton's time remains uncertain.

christian0710
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Hi, so I learned the definition of a Newton which is

Definition of Newton
- 1 Newton is the force needed to accelerate 1 kilogram of mass at the rate of 1 metre per second squared.
- 1N = kg*(m/s^2)

But I'm very curious about one thing
What tools did he use, and how could Newton actually measure the mass multiplied by the acceleration of an object precisely?
 
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Newton did not define the unit named after him. It wasn't named until over 200 years after his death.
 
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christian0710 said:
What tools did he use, and how could Newton actually measure the mass multiplied by the acceleration of an object precisely?
Newton was not involved in the definition. The definition was needed in order to separate mass (which is independent of location) and weight (which is dependent on location).
 
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Svein said:
Newton was not involved in the definition. The definition was needed in order to separate mass (which is independent of location) and weight (which is dependent on location).

Thank you very much - both of you. A questions comes to mind as you mention this

is it correctly understood that the weight of an object on Earth is the force that the gravitational field exerts on that mass? So if the mass is 10kg then it's weight is 10kg*9,8N = 98Newton? (do you say the gravitational field exerts 9,8N force on a mass, or that the gravitational field makes the mass exert a force of 98Newton?)
 
christian0710 said:
Thank you very much - both of you. A questions comes to mind as you mention this

is it correctly understood that the weight of an object on Earth is the force that the gravitational field exerts on that mass? So if the mass is 10kg then it's weight is 10kg*9,8N = 98Newton? (do you say the gravitational field exerts 9,8N force on a mass, or that the gravitational field makes the mass exert a force of 98Newton?)
Both the statements are true - the mass exerts a 98N force on Earth, and the Earth exerts a 98N force on the mass (Newton's 3rd law). It's just that Earth has so much mass that we don't see it move much at all (Newton's second law).
 
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