Thermal Energy Transfer: A Gas Heated at Constant Volume and Pressure

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating thermal energy transfer for a gas heated at constant volume and pressure. The user correctly applies the formula E = 3/2 nRT to determine that 3490.2 J of energy is transferred when heating one mole of an ideal monatomic gas from 20°C to 300°C at constant volume. The heat capacity at constant pressure for the same gas is identified as Cp = 5/2 nR, which indicates that more energy is required when heating at constant pressure compared to constant volume.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law
  • Knowledge of heat capacities (Cv and Cp) for ideal gases
  • Familiarity with thermodynamic principles
  • Basic calculus for manipulating equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the derivation of the ideal gas law
  • Learn about the differences between heat capacities Cv and Cp
  • Study the concept of thermal energy transfer in thermodynamics
  • Investigate the behavior of noble gases under varying thermal conditions
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students and professionals in physics, chemistry, and engineering, particularly those focused on thermodynamics and energy transfer principles.

calculusisrad
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A quartz tube contains one mom of gAs at 20 deg c. The gas is heated at constant volume to 300 deg c. How much thermal energy is transferred to the gas? If the same amount were heated at constant pressure, how muh energy would be required?

I know how to solve this for constant volume using E= 3/2 nRT to get 3490.2 j but I don't know what difference constant pressure makes?
 
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calculusisrad said:
A quartz tube contains one mom of gAs at 20 deg c. The gas is heated at constant volume to 300 deg c. How much thermal energy is transferred to the gas? If the same amount were heated at constant pressure, how muh energy would be required?

I know how to solve this for constant volume using E= 3/2 nRT to get 3490.2 j but I don't know what difference constant pressure makes?

Welcome to PF, calculusisrad! :smile:

In the formula E= 3/2 nRT you are using that the heat capacity at constant volume of an ideal monatomic gas is Cv = 3/2 nR.
The heat capacity at constant pressure of an ideal monatomic gas is Cp = 5/2 nR.

Btw, you did not mention the type of gas, but is it perhaps one of the noble gasses?
Because that's basically what you need for that formula to hold.
 

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