Thickness of steel required for a vacuum chamber

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the thickness of galvanized steel required for a vacuum chamber designed for chemistry experiments. The chamber dimensions are 24" wide, 18" deep, and 18" high, with a Plexiglas window measuring 8"x6". The structural integrity must withstand pressures of approximately 15 PSI, translating to significant weight loads on each side of the chamber. To ensure safety, it is crucial to apply formulas for 2D elastic deformation of flat plates and consider the yield stress of the materials used, along with a safety factor.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of pressure calculations and load distributions
  • Knowledge of material properties, specifically yield stress for galvanized steel and Plexiglas
  • Familiarity with structural engineering principles, particularly flat plate theory
  • Basic skills in applying safety factors in engineering design
NEXT STEPS
  • Research 2D elastic deformation formulas for flat plates
  • Learn about the yield stress values for galvanized steel and Plexiglas
  • Explore safety factor calculations in structural engineering
  • Investigate design considerations for vacuum chambers
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for hobbyists, engineers, and anyone involved in designing vacuum chambers or working with pressure vessels, particularly in chemistry and material science fields.

Upsilon
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I'm trying to build a vacuum chamber for chemistry purposes. This isn't exactly for school, but it's something I'm doing for fun and it's close enough to a school problem. Anyway, my vacuum chamber will be a prism 24" wide, 18" deep, and 18" in height. It will also have a 8"x6" Plexiglas window on top. Obviously, a large amount of pressure will have to be dealt with. The walls of the chamber will be galvanized steel. Assuming about 15 PSI at sea level (I live in Florida), the front, back, top, and bottom (24"x18" each) must hold up to 6480 pounds each, and the left and right sides (18"x18" each) must hold up to 4860 pounds each. The Plexiglas window must also hold 720 pounds on its own.

Now, I've spent several hours trying to figure this out on my own, but it's just become too much of a headache and I have no idea where to start trying to solve this. Basically, I want to know how thick the steel/Plexiglas has to be to withstand the above forces. Or perhaps you could give me some formulas and whatnot to get me started. I'd really just like to get past this so I can start on the fun stuff.

Thanks,
υ
 
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Treat each of the 6 sides as a flat plate simply supported on the edge, with no tension normal to the edge (i.e., on a roller), and loaded normally. Look up the solution for the 2D elastic deformation of a flat plate, and make sure that the plate is thick enough such that the maximum stress does not exceed the yield stress of the material. Also apply a reasonable factor of safety to be sure.
 

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