Topology: Determine whether a subset is a retract of R^2

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the topology of subsets of the Euclidean plane, specifically examining the properties of the sets X and Y defined in the context of retracts of R². The original poster poses questions about the homeomorphism of certain subspaces and the conditions under which these subsets can be considered retracts.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore the implications of the closedness of the set Y and its relation to the concept of retracts. There is a discussion about the continuity of functions related to the retract and the potential discontinuities that may arise from the structure of X.

Discussion Status

Some participants have offered insights regarding the properties of the sets and the implications of continuity and closedness. There is ongoing exploration of the nature of discontinuities in relation to the retract function and the structure of the sets involved.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the complexity of the problem, including the need for clarity on the definitions and properties of retracts in the context of topology. There are indications of confusion regarding specific arguments and their implications for the continuity of functions.

nightingale123
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Homework Statement


Let ##X=([1,\infty)\times\{0\})\cup(\cup_{n=1}^{\infty}\{n\}\times[0,1])## and ##Y=((0,\infty)\times\{0\})\cup(\cup_{n=1}^{\infty}\{n\}\times[0,1])##

##a)##Find subspaces of of the euclidean plane ##\mathbb{R}^2## which are homeomorphic to the compactification with one point ##X^+## and ##Y^+##

##b)## are any of the subspaces ##X## and ##Y## retracts of ##\mathbb{R}^2##

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I was able to find the required subspaces for ##a)## and proved that they are homeomorphic, however I'm having some problems with ##b)##. I know that ##Y## cannot be a retract as it is not closed.

I got that since ##\mathbb{R}^2## is a metric space therefore ##T_{2}## and we know that if ##f,g:X\to Y## are continuous and ##Y\in T_{2}## then the set ##\{x|f(x)=g(x)\}\subset Y## is closed. However in this case ##Y=\mathbb{R}^2## and if there exists a retraction ##r:\mathbb{R}^2\to Y\subset \mathbb{R^2} ## the set ##\{x|r(x)=id_{x}(x)=x\}##,which is ##X##, must be closed. And since it is not. ## X ## cannot be a retraction. Can someone correct me here if I did something wrong?

However this argument does not work for ##X## as ##X## is closed. ##X## is also connected so that fails too. I can't find a homeomorphism between ##X## and ##\mathbb{R}##. Could someone clarify how we could determine whether X is a retract or not?

EDIT: I'm sorry for posting this in the advanced physics section. I just noticed it and I don't know how to change it
 
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I have an intuition about X that may or may not turn out to be a hint that leads to a proof that X is not a retract. Call the retract function f.

X is a 'comb' that is an infinite horizontal row of vertical segments (tines) stuck onto the comb spine that is the x-axis to the right of (1,0).

Let B be X with the spine removed. If there exists a tine that does not intersect f(~X) then we'd expect there to be some sort of discontinuity at the tip of that tine, because points in ~X infinitesimally close to the tip must map to the spine while the tine tip must map to itself.

On the other hand, if every tine intersects with f(~X), we could partition ~X into pre-images of the tines and a pre-image of the spine, and we might expect to run into discontinuity problems at the boundaries of these pre-images.
 
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I'm sorry but you kinda lost me at this part
andrewkirk said:
Let B be X with the spine removed. If there exists a tine that does not intersect f(~X) then we'd expect there to be some sort of discontinuity at the tip of that tine, because points in ~X infinitesimally close to the tip must map to the spine while the tine tip must map to itself.

On the other hand, if every tine intersects with f(~X), we could partition ~X into pre-images of the tines and a pre-image of the spine, and we might expect to run into discontinuity problems at the boundaries of these pre-images.
 
nightingale123 said:
I'm sorry but you kinda lost me at this part
For the first para, say for argument's sake the first tine ##T_1\equiv \{1\}\times (0,1]## does not intersect f(~X). Consider the tine's tip P=(1,1). We know ##f(P)=P=(1,1)##. But for any point ##Q\notin X## that is near P, f(Q) is not in ##T_1## so it will either be somewhere on the x-axis or on a different tine. In either case f(Q) will be distance at least 1 away from f(P), regardless of how close Q is to P. Can you use that to prove that f is discontinuous at P, which would mean that f is not a retraction function?
 

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