Transverse acceleration in polar coordinates

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the analysis of particle motion in polar coordinates, specifically focusing on transverse acceleration and the derivation of velocity and acceleration functions. The original poster presents a problem involving a particle's position described by polar coordinates and seeks to understand the role of angular displacement in their calculations.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to derive the transverse acceleration from the position vector in polar coordinates and questions the necessity of the angular function in their calculations. Another participant expresses uncertainty about the results of a related problem involving velocity and acceleration, suggesting a potential misunderstanding of the relationships in polar coordinates.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants exploring different aspects of polar coordinate motion. One participant has raised a question about the validity of their derived results, while another has expressed a concern regarding the completeness of their understanding. There is no explicit consensus yet on the interpretations or solutions presented.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating through the complexities of polar coordinates, including the differentiation of unit vectors and the implications of angular relationships. There is a noted absence of specific equations provided for the problems, which may affect the clarity of the discussion.

marksyncm
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Homework Statement


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A particle is moving along a curve described by ##p(t) = Re^{\omega t}## and ##\varphi (t) = \omega t##. What is the particles transverse acceleration?

Homework Equations


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None

The Attempt at a Solution


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The position vector is ##Re^{\omega t} \vec{e_p}##. Differentiating once to get the velocity:

$$\vec{v} = \frac{d\vec{p}}{dt} = \omega Re^{\omega t}\vec{e_p} + R\omega e^{\omega t}\vec{e_\varphi}$$

And again to get the acceleration:

$$\vec{a} = \frac{d\vec{v}}{dt} = \omega^2 Re^{\omega t}\vec{e_p} + \omega^2 Re^{\omega t}\vec{e_\varphi} + \omega^2 Re^{\omega t}\vec{e_\varphi} - \omega^2 Re^{\omega t}\vec{e_p} = 2\omega^2Re^{\omega t}\vec{e_\varphi}$$

This means that the transverse acceleration is ##2\omega^2Re^{\omega t}##. This answer is in line with the solution provided in my textbook, but I have a question: why did I never need to use the fact that ##\varphi (t) = \omega t##? I feel like my understanding is incomplete here and I'm not sure why.
 
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Nevermind; it was a silly question :) (It was necessary to differentiate the unit vector ##\vec{e_p}##.)
 
Last edited:
Actually, I have another related problem that's similar enough I thought I'd add it here rather than start a new thread - hope that's OK:

Homework Statement



A particle's movement along a curve is described in polar coordinates by ##r(t) = bt## and ##\varphi (t) = \frac{c}{t}## (##b## and ##c## are constants). Find the velocity and acceleration of the particle as functions of time.

Homework Equations


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None

The Attempt at a Solution


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##\varphi(t) = \frac{c}{t} \rightarrow t = \frac{c}{\varphi}##. Substituting, we get that ##r(\varphi) = \frac{bc}{\varphi}##. To get the velocity as a function of time, we differentiate and get:

1) ##v = \frac{-bc}{\varphi^2} \frac{d\varphi}{dt}##
2) ##\frac{d\varphi}{dt} = \frac{-c}{t^2}##
3) ##v = \frac{-bc}{\varphi^2} \frac{-c}{t^2} = \frac{bc^2}{\varphi^2 t^2} = \frac{bc^2}{\frac{c^2}{t^2} t^2} = b##

This doesn't sound right. The velocity of the particle is just ##b## (and, therefore, the acceleration is ##0##)?
 
Just a quick thread bump, hoping someone can still help. Thank you.
 

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