A transverse wave is a type of wave that moves perpendicular to the direction of its oscillation. This means that the particles of the medium through which the wave is traveling move up and down or side to side, rather than back and forth along the direction of the wave.
The direction of oscillation in a transverse wave is perpendicular to the direction in which the wave is traveling. This means that if the wave is moving horizontally, the oscillation will be vertical, and vice versa.
The direction of oscillation in a transverse wave affects several properties, including amplitude, wavelength, and frequency. The amplitude of a transverse wave is measured from the equilibrium point to the highest point of oscillation, which will be in the direction of oscillation. The wavelength is measured from one crest to the next, which will also be in the direction of oscillation. The frequency, or number of oscillations per unit of time, is also affected by the direction of oscillation.
Some examples of transverse waves include electromagnetic waves (such as light and radio waves), water waves, and seismic S-waves. In all of these examples, the particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave's movement.
Transverse waves differ from longitudinal waves in their direction of oscillation. In longitudinal waves, the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave's movement, while in transverse waves, the particles vibrate perpendicular to the direction of the wave. Additionally, longitudinal waves can travel through both solids and fluids, while transverse waves can only travel through solids.