Unanswered Question: Who Does Mechanical Work for Magnetism?

AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on the mechanics of magnetic forces and their relation to mechanical work. It highlights that Lorentz forces do not perform mechanical work, raising the question of who does the work when a magnet attracts a piece of iron, increasing its kinetic energy. The conversation explores the concept of energy in a magnetic field, specifically how a magnetic dipole in a non-uniform magnetic field experiences changes in energy and moves towards regions of lower energy. The relationship between force and energy is also addressed, confirming that the force on a magnetic dipole is derived from the gradient of energy. Overall, the thread seeks to clarify the mechanics behind magnetic interactions and energy transfer.
Frank66
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May be a trivial question...
The forces that arise from the magnetic field are Lorentz forces that not make mechanical work.
When a piece of iron is attracted by a magnet is accelerated and its kinetic energy increases: Who does the work necessary?
 
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I'm not sure about my answer, that's why I will formulate it in a question:
when a magnetic dipole with a magnetic moment \vec{\mu} is in a magnetic field \vec{B}, it has an energy E= -\vec{\mu}.\vec{B}. Now if \vec{B} is not uniform, there will be regions in space where the energy of the dipole is lower than in other regions and the dipole will move to that places, we call it virtual work, is that right?
The force exerted on the magnet dipole is \vec{F} = -\vec{\nabla}E, true?
 
Thread 'Motional EMF in Faraday disc, co-rotating magnet axial mean flux'
So here is the motional EMF formula. Now I understand the standard Faraday paradox that an axis symmetric field source (like a speaker motor ring magnet) has a magnetic field that is frame invariant under rotation around axis of symmetry. The field is static whether you rotate the magnet or not. So far so good. What puzzles me is this , there is a term average magnetic flux or "azimuthal mean" , this term describes the average magnetic field through the area swept by the rotating Faraday...
It may be shown from the equations of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell in the 1860’s, that the speed of light in the vacuum of free space is related to electric permittivity (ϵ) and magnetic permeability (μ) by the equation: c=1/√( μ ϵ ) . This value is a constant for the vacuum of free space and is independent of the motion of the observer. It was this fact, in part, that led Albert Einstein to Special Relativity.
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