Uncovering the Mystery: Higgs Decay Modes and the Weight Paradox

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the decay modes of the Higgs boson, particularly focusing on the apparent paradox of the Higgs decaying into W bosons that have a greater mass than the Higgs itself. Participants explore the implications of virtual particles in this context and the energy considerations involved in such decays.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that the Higgs boson is said to decay into W bosons, despite their combined mass exceeding that of the Higgs, raising a question about the validity of this decay mode.
  • Another participant introduces the concept of virtual particles, stating that they do not adhere to the standard energy-mass relationship, allowing for the possibility of the Higgs decaying into W bosons.
  • A follow-up question seeks clarification on whether the total energy of the decay products must remain below 126 GeV or if they can reach the mass of the W bosons, which is 160 GeV.
  • In response, it is explained that the total energy of the decay products corresponds to the energy available from the initial collision, and that both the Higgs and W bosons can be virtual, thus not strictly bound to their rest masses.
  • Further elaboration is provided on the likelihood of W bosons being virtual, with one participant mentioning that the decay products can vary significantly from their mass, allowing for a scenario where the combined energy is close to 126 GeV.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of virtual particles and the energy constraints of decay products, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing perspectives.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding the assumptions about virtual particles and their energy-mass relationships, as well as the specific conditions under which these decays occur, which remain unspecified.

zincshow
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Under the Higgs in wiki it says "Another possibility is for the Higgs to split into a pair of massive gauge bosons. The most likely possibility is for the Higgs to decay into a pair of W bosons (the light blue line in the plot), which happens about 23.1% of the time for a Higgs boson with a mass of 126 GeV/c^2."

But.. the mass of 2 W-bosons is 160 GeV/c^2...

How can a Higgs decay to 2 W bosons when they weigh more then the Higgs?
 
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It's a virtual Higgs particles. Virtual particles don't follow the dispersion relation E2 = (cp)2 + (mc2)2. With that equation out of the way it is possible for a Higgs to have enough energy to decay into two bosons.
 
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Thanks, does that mean that the final decay products have to be less then 126 GeV, or can they go up to the mass of the 2 W Bosons, Ie, 160 GeV?
 
The final decay products will have total energy equal to whatever was available in the collision to start with.

Note that although the Higgs boson is virtual and isn't required to be exactly 125 GeV, the probability of forming it increases the closer it is to 125 GeV. Remember that the W bosons are virtual also, and not required to be 160 GeV either.
 
The W bosons are much more likely to be virtual, compared to the Higgs. Just one of them has to be far away from its mass, so you usually see the decay products of a W boson with ~80 GeV and the decay products of a W boson with at most ~46 GeV, and if you combine both they come from a single particle with an energy very close to 126 GeV.

(all values refer to the invariant mass of the sum of the decay products)
 

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