Understanding Simple Pendulum Experiment: Water-Filled Sphere Explanation

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the simple pendulum experiment involving a hollow sphere filled with water, analyzing the period of oscillation as water drains. The equation T=2π√(L/g) is critical, where 'L' represents the length from the pivot to the center of gravity of the system. As water exits the sphere, the period first increases due to the changing center of gravity and then decreases as the effective mass distribution changes. Understanding the center of gravity is essential, particularly when comparing scenarios where the bob is significantly heavier than the string versus when they have equal weights.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of simple harmonic motion and pendulum mechanics
  • Familiarity with the equation T=2π√(L/g)
  • Knowledge of center of gravity concepts
  • Basic principles of fluid dynamics affecting mass distribution
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the effects of mass distribution on pendulum motion
  • Study advanced pendulum equations that account for varying weights
  • Explore experiments involving fluid dynamics and oscillation
  • Learn about the relationship between center of gravity and stability in pendulums
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in experimental mechanics and the dynamics of oscillating systems.

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This is my first time ever taking a physics class...and needed an explanation. In lab we're doing a simple pendulum experiment. Given the equation T=2pi(sqrt L/g) and noting observations with different pendulum lengths we must then answer this question:

A hollow sphere is filled with water and suspended by a long thread. A small hole is made in the bottom of the sphere and as the water flows out one observes that the period of oscillation of the simple pendulum first increases and then decreases. Explain.
 
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The 'L' in the above equation is the length from the fixed end to the centre of gravity of the string+bob (the weight on the end of the string).
Where is the centre of gravity if the bob is much heavier than the string and where if the bob and the string have the same weight?

Slightly nasty question - the simple equation above normally assumes that all the weight is in the bob, there is a more complex equation if you need to take into account different weights.
 

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