Understanding the Equality in Equation 2.96: Volume Element as n-Form?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around understanding the equality presented in equation 2.96 from Sean Carroll's text, specifically regarding the volume element expressed as an n-form. Participants are exploring the implications of this equality in the context of tensor products and wedge products, focusing on the mathematical nuances involved.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion over the equality in equation 2.96, particularly when comparing the left-hand side (LHS) and right-hand side (RHS) for n=2, noting that the LHS does not seem to equal the RHS due to the properties of tensor products.
  • Another participant references a formula from Carroll's earlier work that defines the wedge product in terms of the tensor product, suggesting this may clarify the confusion.
  • A subsequent reply confirms the reference to the formula and attempts to relate it to the original equation, indicating that the wedge product can be expressed in terms of the tensor product and its antisymmetry.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the understanding of the equality in question. There is ongoing confusion and clarification regarding the properties of tensor and wedge products, indicating that multiple views and interpretations remain in play.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights potential limitations in understanding the definitions and properties of tensor and wedge products, as well as the specific context of Carroll's equations. There may be unresolved mathematical steps or assumptions that contribute to the confusion.

LAHLH
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Hi,

I'm reading Sean Carroll's text, ch2, and believe I understood most of the discussion on Integration in section 2.10. However in equation 2.96, he states that

\epsilon\equiv\epsilon_{\mu_1\mu_2...\mu_n}dx^{\mu_1}\otimes dx^{\mu_2}\otimes...\otimes dx^{\mu_n} =\frac{1}{n!}\epsilon_{\mu_1\mu_2...\mu_n}}dx^{\mu_1}\wedge dx^{\mu_2}\wedge...\wedge dx^{\mu_n}

I don't quite understand this equality. For example just taking n=2, the LHS is dx^0\otimes dx^1-dx^1\otimes dx^0 (which isn't zero because tensor products don't commute). Where on the RHS one would have \frac{1}{2}\left(dx^0\wedge dx^1-dx^1\wedge dx^0\right)=dx^0\wedge dx^1, by the antisymmetry of the wedge product.

So I'm at a loss to understand this part of 2.96 despite understand the following lines.

Thanks a lot for any replies.
 
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Formula (1.81) in Carroll's "Lecture Notes on General Relativity" (1997) tells you:

A\wedge B=A\otimes B-B\otimes A

So, what is it that causes you the problem?
 
Oh I was unaware of this formula.

Do you mean (1.80) in this edition of Carroll? namely (A\wedge B)_{\mu\nu}=A_{\mu}B_{\nu}-A_{\nu}B_{\mu}

Which I guess can be written (A\wedge B)_{\mu\nu} =(A\otimes B)_{\mu\nu}-(B\otimes A)_{\mu\nu}, leading to the equation you stated: (A\wedge B) =(A\otimes B)-(B\otimes A)
 
Yes - that is another way of writing it.
 

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