Using a photodiode in optical communications

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the suitability of photovoltaic versus photoconductive modes in photodiodes for long-distance fiber optic transmission systems. Participants explore the implications of dark current and biasing on performance, particularly in the context of weak signals and bandwidth considerations.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • Henry states that the photovoltaic mode is preferable due to the absence of dark current and the lack of avalanche effects.
  • One participant challenges the claim about dark current, noting that photodiodes typically have a small leakage current.
  • Another participant suggests that the reverse bias in photodiodes is commonly used for higher speed, questioning the rationale for preferring no bias in long-distance communication.
  • Some participants express confusion regarding the implications of "long distance" in relation to signal strength and biasing, suggesting a need for further clarification from the lecturer.
  • There is mention of the importance of bandwidth in fiber optic systems, with some arguing that the benefits of reverse bias may outweigh concerns about dark current.
  • A suggestion is made to research typical fiber optic receiver circuits used in long-haul systems to gain more insight into the discussion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the advantages of photovoltaic versus photoconductive modes, particularly regarding dark current and bandwidth. The discussion remains unresolved, with no consensus on the most suitable mode for long-distance fiber optic communication.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the potential for confusion regarding the definitions of photovoltaic and photoconductive modes, as well as the implications of biasing on performance metrics such as bandwidth and signal strength.

Henry
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Homework Statement


[/B]
As part of my coursework in a sensor systems module at university I was given the question:

State the most important reason why the photovoltaic (as opposed to photoconductive) mode would be the most suitable choice for a long distance fibre optic transmission system.

Homework Equations



From my lecturers notes, I could draw a two main answers to that although the question asks for the most important reason.

The Attempt at a Solution



My reasons would be:
There isn't a dark current present in the photovoltaic mode (i.e. zero bias).
There is no chance of an avalanche effect being experienced.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Many thanks,
Henry
 
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Henry said:

Homework Statement


[/B]
As part of my coursework in a sensor systems module at university I was given the question:

State the most important reason why the photovoltaic (as opposed to photoconductive) mode would be the most suitable choice for a long distance fibre optic transmission system.

Homework Equations



From my lecturers notes, I could draw a two main answers to that although the question asks for the most important reason.

The Attempt at a Solution



My reasons would be:
There isn't a dark current present in the photovoltaic mode (i.e. zero bias).
There is no chance of an avalanche effect being experienced.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Many thanks,
Henry
Welcome to the PF. :smile:

So by "photovoltaic" you mean a photodiode, and by "photoconductive" you mean a Light Dependent Resistor?

Photodiodes do have a small dark current (leakage), so I don't think that's an answer. What characteristics are important for fiber-optic communication?
 
Thank you!

No sorry, by photovoltaic I mean a no bias setup with a photodiode and by photoconductive I mean a reverse bias setup like in the attachment :). That's a slide from my lecture notes.

Capture.PNG
 
Capture.PNG
 
Henry said:
Thank you!

No sorry, by photovoltaic I mean a no bias setup with a photodiode and by photoconductive I mean a reverse bias setup like in the attachment :). That's a slide from my lecture notes.

View attachment 114618
Hmm. So you are supposed to say why a receiver with no reverse bias on the photodiode is best for long-distance FO communication? That's counterintuitive to me, so I guess I should let others chime in. I know why all of my FO receivers use reverse biased photodiodes (can you think of that reason?)...
 
Henry said:
Yeah, that higher speed of the reverse biased photodiode is what I was looking for. But I guess they are saying that the "no dark current" with no reverse bias is more important in FO detectors for very weak signals. I hadn't heard that before, but I suppose it's possible. Still, the bandwidth of an unbiased photodiode is so much worse...
 
Yeah I was a little confused when looking around because I saw a lot of people saying the same (i.e. that reverse bias is better). I'm a little confused to be honest, I might go and talk to my lecturer and see what he says, do you think he was implying weak signals by saying "long distance"?.
 
Henry said:
do you think he was implying weak signals by saying "long distance"?.
That would be my guess.

It might be worth looking around some to see if you can find some typical FO receiver circuits used in the trans-Atlantic FO cables or other long-haul FO systems. I would think that high BW is so important that they would just deal with the dark current in their S/N calculations. After all, the dark current is mostly DC, so filtering it out should be possible.
 
Okay, well thank you very much for your help :smile:
 
  • #11
berkeman said:
Maybe read through this Wikipedia article:
I meant to post the link to the top of the article, but that link is a good place to start...
 

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