What Is the Difference Between Potential and Potential Energy in Electronics?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the distinction between potential and potential energy within the context of electronics. Participants explore the definitions, measurements, and applications of these concepts, particularly in relation to electrons and energy transfer in circuits.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks to understand whether to apply volts or electron volts when discussing potential and potential energy.
  • Another participant explains that potential is defined as potential energy per unit charge, indicating that multiplying potential by charge yields potential energy.
  • A participant elaborates that electric potential is measured in volts (Joules/Coulomb), while mechanical potential energy is in Joules, and relates these to electron energy in electron volts (eV).
  • There is a discussion about the context in which volts or electron volts should be used, noting that high energy physicists often use eV while high school exercises may require Joules.
  • One participant questions whether to provide 1.1 eV of energy or 1.1 V to move an electron from the valence band to the conduction band, seeking clarity on the relationship between energy and voltage in this scenario.
  • A later reply suggests that one way to provide an electron with 1.1 eV is to accelerate it through 1.1 V, indicating a potential relationship between the two concepts.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying degrees of understanding and clarity regarding the relationship between potential and potential energy, with some points of contention remaining about when to use volts versus electron volts. The discussion does not reach a consensus on the best approach to apply in specific scenarios.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the dependence on context for determining whether to use volts or electron volts, particularly in different fields of study or applications.

PhysicsTest
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TL;DR
I want to know the difference between potential and potential energy in electrostatics
I want to know the difference between potential and potential energy. The potential is measured in volts and we provide potential ex 12V to a circuit. Some times we also say a potential energy to be applied to the electron ex. 1eV etc. I know eV is energy, but my question is do we need to provide Volts or electron volts (energy)? How do i differentiate when to apply what?
 
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Potential is potential energy per unit charge. In other words, if you multiply potential by charge you get potential energy.
 
Electric potential is in volts ( Joules/Coulomb )
Mechanical potenial energy is in Joules

Mechanical potential energy of a charge is in Joules / Coulomb * Coulomb
Electron charge is e ( 1.6 e-19 Coulomb )
Mechanical potential energy of an electron is in Volts * e, aka eV

So far, no big deal.
It becomes interesting and useful in context, e.g. when mass and energy become equivalent with ## E = mc^2##. And suddenly we don't speak of electron mass in kilograms but the equivalent 511 keV/c2

So
PhysicsTest said:
do we need to provide Volts or electron volts
is easy: Volts for potential, eV for energy, eV/c^2 for mass.
All three different dimensions !

The question 'do we need to provide Joules or eV' is not so easy: depends on the context ! (High energy physicists use eV, high school exercises often explicitly ask for Joules).
 
I understand some of them, but one particular question i want clarity is,
To move an electron from valence band to conduction band you need to give 1.1eV of energy. So, here do we provide energy to the electron of 1.1eV or provide 1.1V volt to the electron using battery? or both of them mean the same?
 
PhysicsTest said:
I understand some of them, but one particular question i want clarity is,
To move an electron from valence band to conduction band you need to give 1.1eV of energy. So, here do we provide energy to the electron of 1.1eV or provide 1.1V volt to the electron using battery? or both of them mean the same?
One way to provide an electron with ##1.1eV## is to accelerate it through ##1.1V##.
 

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