What is the minimum pressure in an evacuated tank half-filled with 40°C water?

  • Thread starter Thread starter giacomh
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Pressure Tank
Click For Summary
The minimum pressure in an evacuated tank half-filled with 40°C water is determined by the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at that temperature, which is 3.38 kPa. When evacuating the tank, it is essential to consider both the removal of air and any water vapor present. If all gases are evacuated, the pressure in the headspace will stabilize at the vapor pressure due to evaporation of water. The Ideal Gas Law can be applied to understand the behavior of the gases, but the key factor is the vapor pressure of the water. Ultimately, the pressure will equilibrate to the vapor pressure of water at 40°C.
giacomh
Messages
36
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



A tank half-filled with 40°C water is to be evacuated. What is the minimum pressure that can be expected in the space above the water?


Homework Equations



Vp water @ 40 degrees = 3.38

The Attempt at a Solution



I would have just subtracted the vapor pressure from the atmospheric pressure, but no temperature is given in this problem. I don't know how to take into account the fact that it's a half-empty tank.

Thanks!
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Been a long time since I did this so perhaps wait for a better answer. Meanwhile ..

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/humid-air-ideal-gas-d_677.html

the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases

So perhaps apply the Ideal Gas law PV=nKT assuming constant temperature to the dry air. (eg volume doubles so pressure halves).

Not sure what to do about the water vapour? Do you need to subtract the vapour pressure before halving as above?

But what if some water vapour remains? Perhaps you need add it back again or calculate the reduced vapour pressure to add back?

What do they mean by "evacuated"? Just the liquid water drained or the air and water vapour removed as well? Not sure there is enough info to answer the problem?
 
If you evacuate all the gas from above the water, enough water will evaporate into the head space such that the pressure will equilibrate to the equilibrium vapor pressure of water at 40 degrees. It only takes a very small amount of evaporation to do this. The gas in the head space will be pure water vapor.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

Similar threads

  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 24 ·
Replies
24
Views
3K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
2K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
5K
Replies
50
Views
7K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
1K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K