What is the surface current density at a general point on a conducting sphere?

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SUMMARY

The surface current density (Js) on a conducting sphere with radius 'a' is determined by the equation Js = I / (4πh²), where 'I' is the total current flowing through the sphere and 'h' is the height at which the current density is evaluated. The current flows along the z-axis and spreads uniformly over the sphere's surface. This conclusion is based on the understanding that the current density is defined as current per unit area, leading to the derived formula for Js.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric current and its flow in three-dimensional space.
  • Familiarity with the concept of surface current density and its units (A/m²).
  • Knowledge of spherical coordinates and their application in electromagnetism.
  • Basic calculus for evaluating integrals related to current distribution.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of surface current density in electromagnetic theory.
  • Learn about the applications of current density in different geometries, particularly spherical coordinates.
  • Explore the implications of uniform current distribution on conductive surfaces.
  • Investigate the relationship between electric fields and current density in conductive materials.
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Students of electromagnetism, electrical engineers, and physicists interested in understanding current distribution on conductive surfaces and its implications in circuit design and analysis.

RobTwox
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Homework Statement



Electric current of I amperes flows along the z-axis from (0, 0,-∞) to (0, 0, -a) and from there it spreads over a conducting sphere r = a in the -aθ direction, comes to the point (0; 0; a) and goes to (0, 0, ∞) again along the z-axis. What is the surface current density at a general point on the sphere where z = h?

Homework Equations



surface current density = Js = Δi / Δl ; l = length , i = current

The Attempt at a Solution



I am pretty lost with this one. If I use the above equation for surface current density it seems like I need to do this

∫ i / L dl = ∫ i / z dz from z = -a to a

I know this isn't the answer. Its to simple and my professor would never assign something as simple as this. I think I have some conceptual issues and I fear that my relevant equation is incorrect. I had to miss lecture due to a trip to the ER and I am relying on a friends notes, nice guy but less than exemplary student.
 
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RobTwox said:

Homework Statement



Electric current of I amperes flows along the z-axis from (0, 0,-∞) to (0, 0, -a) and from there it spreads over a conducting sphere r = a in the -aθ direction, comes to the point (0; 0; a) and goes to (0, 0, ∞) again along the z-axis. What is the surface current density at a general point on the sphere where z = h?

Homework Equations



surface current density = Js = Δi / Δl ; l = length , i = current

The Attempt at a Solution



I am pretty lost with this one. If I use the above equation for surface current density it seems like I need to do this

∫ i / L dl = ∫ i / z dz from z = -a to a

I know this isn't the answer. Its to simple and my professor would never assign something as simple as this. I think I have some conceptual issues and I fear that my relevant equation is incorrect. I had to miss lecture due to a trip to the ER and I am relying on a friends notes, nice guy but less than exemplary student.

I have a new thought. I looked up surface current density and found that the units are A / m^2. if this is true then this boils down to current per area.

So, could I say (and be correct) that the current I will be uniformly distributed and constant. Then to write a general expression for current density is it just
Js = i / (4 pi h^2).

This still seems too easy.
 

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