Why only electric field is considered in Wave optics?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the role of electric and magnetic fields in wave optics, particularly in the context of polarization, intensity, and the behavior of electromagnetic waves in various media. Participants explore why the electric field is emphasized over the magnetic field in wave optics, examining definitions, relationships, and specific cases.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants note that the electric field vector is central to defining polarization, with the trajectory of the E-field vector determining whether light is polarized or unpolarized.
  • Others argue that the intensity of light observed is related to the E-field intensity, which is why wave optics focuses on the electric field.
  • One participant mentions the relationship between electric and magnetic fields, suggesting that knowing the E-field allows for the determination of the B-field through the equation rot E = -dB/dt.
  • Another point raised is that in a vacuum, the relationship E = cB holds, indicating that the magnetic field is proportional to the electric field but is often much smaller in magnitude.
  • Participants discuss the orientation of electric and magnetic fields in anisotropic media, questioning whether they must remain perpendicular and noting that the D-field and B-field do not necessarily have to be perpendicular.
  • One participant concludes that since both polarization and intensity depend on the E-field, the magnetic field is of lesser concern in wave optics, primarily serving to produce electric fields for EM wave propagation.
  • A later reply introduces a question about the polarization of low-frequency radio waves in ferromagnetic materials, suggesting a need for examples of anisotropic ferromagnets that are transparent to radio waves.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying views on the significance of the magnetic field in wave optics, with some emphasizing its lesser role compared to the electric field, while others raise questions about its behavior in different media. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the specific conditions under which magnetic fields may be considered relevant.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on definitions of polarization and intensity, as well as the specific conditions under which the relationships between electric and magnetic fields hold true. The discussion also touches on the behavior of electromagnetic waves in different media, which may not be fully addressed.

justwild
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While studying polarization I came to a word "Electric field vector" and not "magnetic field vector". Then after reading certain references I came to know that it is electric field which is considered in wave optics.
Why is Magnetic field not considered??
 
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According to the CED, that has developed; the E-field vector`s trajectory defines the parameter called polarization. If the tip of the E-field vector traces a specific trajectory then the wave is polarized(by definition), if it traces a random path we call it unpolarized light. The light intensity that we observe is the E-field intensity, then in our diffraction and interference also we consider the E-field intensity only
 
As rot E=-dB/dt you know B once you know E.
 
In case of light,relation E=CB holds.You can see clearly,that B is 1/c times of electric field.Moreover,magnetic field has it's role in exerting the pressure on any surface.
 
andrien said:
In case of light,relation E=CB holds.

only in vacuo.
 
The direction of magnetic field is normally determined by directions of electric field and wave propagation. And properties of medium?

Are magnetic and electric field required to be at right angles, in anisotropic medium?
 
snorkack said:
Are magnetic and electric field required to be at right angles, in anisotropic medium?
E and B yes, while D and B are not necessarily perpendicular.
 
DrDu said:
only in vacuo.

Still B would be very small.That is what my point was.
 
Thank you for all the answers.
Now what I know is that since polarization and intensity both depends upon E-field so in wave optics we are concerned with E-field only.
Moreover, according to andrien since the magnitude of magnetic field is c times less than the electric field so magnetic field is merely of any concern here.
So as far as magnetic fields are concerned they are there to produce electric fields which helps in EM wave propagation.
 
  • #10
Also, substances whose magnetic permittivity is far from unity tend to be poorly transparent to high frequency electromagnetic waves.

How about polarization of low frequency radio waves in ferromagnetic materials which do not conduct electricity, like rocks? Magnetite is isometric crystal structure, so isotropic... which common substances are anisotropic ferromagnets AND transparent to radio waves?
 

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