What is Material: Definition and 1000 Discussions

A material is a substance or mixture of substances that constitutes an object. Materials can be pure or impure, living or non-living matter. Materials can be classified based on their physical and chemical properties, or on their geological origin or biological function. Materials science is the study of materials and their applications.
Raw materials can be processed in different ways to influence their properties, by purification, shaping or the introduction of other materials. New materials can be produced from raw materials by synthesis.
In industry, materials are inputs to manufacturing processes to produce products or more complex materials.

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  1. V

    Torsion of a non-circular cross-section with more than one material

    I am trying to understand how to tackle torsion of bars that are non-circular and two-material composites. I understand the process of finding the torsion constant for non-circular sections but I am not sure how the warping function changes across a material interface. For example, if I have...
  2. R

    What Does C0.2 Refer to in Carbon-Based Materials?

    What is mean by carbon based material "C0.2"
  3. P

    Identifying the material with a particular hardness

    Hello , Pursuant to a relentless mugging into material data sheets,I am still unable to identify the material of a component corresponding to the hardness of which i measured using an ultrasonic equipment. its 240-260 HV(vickers).I need to know the material for procuring the component to the...
  4. C

    Schools Is it normal for university exams to not include some of the material?

    Is it normal for university exams to never include some of the material that is in the curriculum? I have some modules that are quite extensive, but about 4 to 5 groups of exercises appear to repeat in the last few years. However, they also ask for students to study about 10 to 15 types of...
  5. K

    How does electron in a piezoelectric material flow to produce electric

    How does electron in a piezoelectric material flow to produce electricity? I read about piezoelectricity but I don't know exactly how it works. When stress is apply to piezoelectric material, the structure deform and create non-zero dipole moment and then what happen? How does electron flow...
  6. T

    Intro Physics Audio for 15hr Road Trip - TorqueDork

    Keep in mind that I would post this in math and science material but I have insufficient privileges for some odd reason I am going on a 15 hour road trip, and would like some Introductory Physics audio to listen to on my iPod. IF anyone knows of anything I could listen to it would be...
  7. QuantumCurt

    Supplementary material for Calculus?

    Hey everyone, I'm starting calculus in a few weeks, and I've been wanting to pick up some supplementary material. I'm using the Larson Calculus book, 9th edition- https://www.amazon.com/dp/0547167024/?tag=pfamazon01-20 - which I've read very mixed reviews about. Some people say it's a great...
  8. D

    Ideas on a material controlled by a magnetic field in molten steel

    I was wondering if anyone could suggest a material that would stay in a solid state within molten steel/aluminum at least for several seconds. There are also two things: 1) the material should react to a magnetic field applied from the outside 2) material's density should be less than that of...
  9. M

    Additional GRE Physics Prep Material: PhysicsGrad.org

    Is there any additional material, besides the 4 practice tests (86,92,96,01) and the solutions on grephysics.net? There was a site up a few months ago physicsgrad.org or something but seems to be down now.. and it was an awesome site.
  10. X

    Engineering Nuclear Engineering/ Material Science and Engineering

    Hi everyone, I plan to major in nuclear engineering and material science and engineering. What field of study can I integrate both disciplines? Which field in nuclear engineering is currently most active? Thank you,
  11. S

    What happens on the surface of a material

    Hello friends, Every object has certain color, because it reflects that potion of light & absorbs all other visible radiation, What is the mechanism that happens on the surface of a body, which makes it reflect certain portion & absorb rest portion.
  12. Y

    Maximum Vibrations in a material

    Hi, What is the material which would develop powerful vibration for a sustained period when they are stroked with another material(may be the same or a different material).
  13. N

    Modeling a crack in a material.

    I was wondering if anyone has ever tried to model/fit a crack on a material surface with a Weierstrass function.
  14. B

    What is the Best Filler Material for Pillows?

    What material is most suitable as a filler for pillows, which material can provide optimal comfort and neck support? Examples of Filler Materials: Feathers Buckwheat Cotton Cloth Fibers Synthetic Plastic Fibers Foam Viscoelastic Foam Memory Foam Latex Compressed Air Examples...
  15. L

    Is density of a material affected by gravity? If so

    I was pondering this while I was staring at a salad dressing bottle at home (an oily dressing that doesn't stay mixed when untouched for a period of time...), how well could you mix (shake up) a bottle with different oils in a micro-gravity environment, if at all? Moreover, my actual question...
  16. dbmorpher

    One-Way Piezoelectric Material

    Is there a type of piezoelectric material that only produces a current when bent one way or only bends one way when applied a current?
  17. D

    Comparing different parpameters to be a plasmonic material

    Hello Everybody I want to do the comparison of metals like Silver, Gold, Aluminum, Copper, Sodium and Potassium as plasmonic metals. Now, I am confused about some parameters about what they really mean. 1. what does ε(int) means? Is it better for a plasmonic material to have less ε(int)...
  18. P

    How does the index of a medium affect the focal length of a lens?

    Homework Statement Suppose we have a lens of known focal length, f=100 cm. (a) If light enters the lens from air, but after the lens enters a medium with index 1.33, how far from the lens will focus? (Assume the incident light is collimated.) (b) What if there is instead air after the lens...
  19. D

    Looking for a material that will change colors

    I am looking for a material that will change colors depending on how long it is in the sunlight. Any thoughts?
  20. J

    What Chemicals Can Safely Dissolve a Vegetative Clog in a Pond Standpipe?

    Problem: I have a 2 acre pond from which the water exits via a stand pipe (vertically 10' then horizontally 70'. The stand pipe has become clogged with vegetative material (I left out the ounce of prevention). We have exhausted plans A - F of attempts to mechanically remove the clog with zero...
  21. B

    Is my material Nanocrystalline or Amorphous? (XRD and Raman)

    Hi! How can I tell, based on my Raman and X-Ray Diffraction studies, if a thin film is nanocrystalline or amorphous? The maximum thickness of my films is about 200nm, the XRay diffractograms showed nothing but the substrate (is it because of the thickness?), and my Raman spectra showed some...
  22. P

    Fast & Responsive Light Sensing Materials: Exploring Options for Photoresistors

    Are there any easy to obtain and fast responding photoresistors out there ? The resistance of material must decrease when light in shining on it, and the response must be fast. Note: I know that photodiodes respond extremely fast but they must be used coupled with a transistor to amplify the...
  23. F

    Light waves travelling in a material.

    Hi all. I am doing a project in which I have a 99%clear transparent Silicone sheet. LEDs make light pass through this material which is than picked up by phototransistors on the other side. when someone/something touches the Silicone, this deforms and the phototransistors pick up different...
  24. B

    Radio waves vs material & shape

    What happens when radio waves of around 1900mhz (cell phone) is confined in an aluminum box. Will the waves be able to pass through the box to the outside. What would be the best way to get the waves to the outside of the box with only modifying the box. If i cut a hole would that improve how...
  25. marellasunny

    Easy study material to define the normal form of a differential system

    Could someone suggest me an easy guide to transforming a system of differential equations into normal form around a particular point? As I understand, normal forms are used in border collision bifurcations to define the new set of coordinates around the parameter value \mu _0. By doing this...
  26. S

    MATLAB Study material for CFD using Matlab

    I want to learn some basics of Computational Fluid Dynamics.But most of the books that I found dealt mostly with the theory of it with very less examples or problems to be solved numerically. I know Matlab and am pretty good at coding too.So, I am searching for a book from which I can learn CFD...
  27. M

    What is the Material and Name of This Traditional Indian Kitchen Tool?

    What is the name of this parts and what is the material is used to make this part? http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/8/8c/Stone_Grinder.jpg Thank you
  28. M

    What Material Is Used To Make An Electronic Chip?

    I wonder what is the material is used to make an electronic chip? http://datasheet.seekic.com/ImageFile/MCP/Microchip_MCP4922-E_ST85280.jpg"]Image[/PLAIN] of an electronic chip. I also would like to know what is the material of the bottle of the coca cola soft drink? Is it pure silica glass...
  29. H

    Molecular material ground state

    Why the ground state HOMO level of a molecule with two opposite-spin electrons, is singlet while we know that a level with two opposite-spin electrons may be singlet(s=0,m=0) or triplet(s=1,m=0)?
  30. H

    Good reference book or links for material selection

    Hi Everyone, I am basically a post graduate student try to set up my own business. Its a mechanical based business. I come across activities like material selection, fabrication, machining & installation and commissioning. In short turnkey projects. Since my activities are customer based...
  31. ShayanJ

    Can we find a material that only transmits red light?

    As you know,the set of light wavelengths that a material is transparent to,is sth dependent on the properties of the material.My question is,can we find a material which is transparent to a specific wavelength range? For example,I want a material,which,among the visible light wavelengths,is...
  32. C

    School project - create reflective device from waste material

    I am in process of doing a project for school. The basic aim of the project is to address the following issue. I live in a country where we have a lot of street vendors and beggars that stand in the street at night and as a result are not visible to oncoming traffic. i would like to create a...
  33. R

    What does it take for a material to be transparent to light?

    I need help exploring this question: what makes a solid transparent/opaque? If I have clear sheet of plastic and I introduce imperfections (such as small air bubbles inside), it turns white if the # of imperfections is large. Is it possible to maintain the polymer transparent with such air...
  34. V

    Popular science books in Material Science

    Hello, I am looking to read up on some popular science kind of books on Materials Science and Engineering. Something on the lines of "future of materials" or "materials of the future". Does anyone have any recommendations? Thanks
  35. M

    What is Sub-Material? Meaning & Examples

    What is meant by the sub-material? Such as if you mix three differential materials, for example, coffee + sugar + water, which one them is the sub-material? Thank you
  36. P

    What material is a poor conductor of electricity?

    Hello, I was wondering if anyone could tell me of an easily available (to a primary school teacher) solid material that conducts electricity, but noticeably poorly, so that it can be demonstrated and hopefully performed by 9 year olds. To be exact, I want a solid material that can be...
  37. P

    Best material for IR absorption

    Hi all, I am looking for the best material for IR (infra red) absorption, preferably something that I can make it into a thin film; any material that would work from semiconductors, metals to more exotic materials like graphene or... I appreciate your help. Thank you
  38. F

    Resistivity of a material involving temp

    Homework Statement A) To= 35 °C find α And β B) determine the temp in which this material becomes a super conductor as predicted by the equation below. ρ=ρ0(1 + α(T-To) + β(T-To)^2)To= 35 C. ρo=2.5e-8Ω m T1= 0 C. ρ1=2.346e-8Ω m T2= 100 C. ρ2=3.036e-8Ω mHomework Equations ρ=ρ0(1 +...
  39. D

    Piezo material modeling in Abaqus

    Homework Statement I am trying to enter the strain and stress properties of a piezoelectric material, I only have d31 and e33 constant with no dielectric constant. I don't know how or where to enter these values in Abaqus since it ask for a Matrix. Homework Equations The Attempt at a...
  40. T

    Sandmeyer isatin synthesis - tarry material?

    Hey everyone! I am currently working on a project regarding the synthesis of variously substituted isatins using the Sandmeyer methodology, involving the condensation of chloral hydrate, hydroxylamine and substituted aniline (in this case the 4-ethylaniline) to nitrosoacetanilide with...
  41. J

    Revision Help for Electrical & Electronic Engineering

    Hi everyone, I got some past papers to revise for my second year final exams in may the course I am in is called electrical and electronic engineering (I am studying in the uk). I was just hoping if any of you guys know any good youtube channels like khanacademy but for engineering topics...
  42. S

    Looking for Material on Wavelets

    Hi, I'm looking for a good beginner text on Wavelets. Preferably an undergraduate or early graduate level. The background material that I'm missing most is infinite dimensional vector spaces/function spaces and Fourier analysis. Any advice would really be appreciated! Thanks!
  43. P

    Aerospace Engineering Reading Material for a Newbie

    In the future I would really like to enroll in an aerospace engineering course and I was wondering if there are any good books out there which cover the important parts of this discipline? I came across the following page which contains some of the topics that will be taught in university (at...
  44. M

    Mechanics of material problem.

    So basically I'm not sure of the solution and just want someone to tell me if what I did is correct. It's important I have an upcoming exam. Thank you.
  45. marellasunny

    Material on how to go from data to differential equation

    Is there any material or book that explains how one could go from data to differential equation comprehensively? More like functional data analysis+differential equations
  46. NATURE.M

    Preparation Material for Analysis I

    Hi, I will be enrolling in an Analysis I course (highly theoretical calculus course, emphasizes proofs) at UofT this upcoming fall and was wondering if there are any materials that can adequately prepare me for this course.
  47. C

    Transparent Liquid Piezoelectric Material?

    Hi All, I'm wondering if anyone is aware of a piezoelectric material that is both liquid and is transparent/colorless/ lower refractive index? Is there database online where I could compare these values? Google has not been kind to me:( Any help would be so appreciated.
  48. A

    Calculating Material Thickness

    Right now I am working on a small project. I have a board (made of PVC) that is nearly 3ft long (1ft wide) and supported on each end. Mounted to the board will be various items. To save money and weight I am looking to calculate the minimum thickness I need so that the board can support...
  49. N

    Material has low excitation temperature

    Is there any material that can be ionized (plasma state) at realtively low temperature, say 30 or 40C?
  50. A

    What would be a good adhesive material?

    Time and time again I am forced into purchasing a new hockey stick simply because the bottom of my hockey blade wears out. This is a common problem with any hockey stick which hockey stick manufacturers love as it keeps you purchasing more sticks frequently. Are there any suggestions of a very...
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