What is Mixture: Definition and 294 Discussions

In chemistry, a mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are not chemically combined. A mixture is the physical combination of two or more substances in which the identities are retained and are mixed in the form of solutions, suspensions and colloids.Mixtures are one product of mechanically blending or mixing chemical substances such as elements and compounds, without chemical bonding or other chemical change, so that each ingredient substance retains its own chemical properties and makeup. Despite the fact that there are no chemical changes to its constituents, the physical properties of a mixture, such as its melting point, may differ from those of the components. Some mixtures can be separated into their components by using physical (mechanical or thermal) means. Azeotropes are one kind of mixture that usually poses considerable difficulties regarding the separation processes required to obtain their constituents (physical or chemical processes or, even a blend of them).

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  1. M

    Finding final temperature of a mixture

    Homework Statement calculate the final temperature when 20 grams of steam at 100°C is added to 100 grams of ice at -40°C. Homework Equations Q=mcΔt and Q=ML The Attempt at a Solution I tried solving this problem using -ΔQheat = ΔQcold, but the final temperature that I found was past...
  2. R

    Gas mixture final temperature

    Homework Statement I need some help with the following problem: Consider a thermally insulated enclosure containing an ideal gas initially separated by a thermally insulated partition into two separate regions. One region is at pressure p1=100 Pa, temprature T1=200 K, and volume V1 = 10 m3...
  3. djh101

    Boiling toluene/water azeotrope mixture?

    Can somebody explain what happened in this experiment? The mixture of toluene/water was heated to its boiling point (without a condenser) of about 84C. Over the course of under a few minutes, the boiling point increased rapidly and then remained constant at about 96C (more or less- it jumped up...
  4. M

    Help finding data for specific volume of ethanol in a water mixture?

    I have just done a lab on measuring the change in volume of an ethanol-water mixture. One of our tasks is to use the intercept method to determine the specific volumes of both the water and ethanol components at certain concentrations using a tangent line. I have the tangent line at 50%...
  5. J

    Mixture Problems: Solving with TI 83/App/Program

    Homework Statement A tank contains 1000L of brine with 15 Kg of dissolved salt. Pure water enters the tank at a rate of 10 L/Min. The soultion is kept thoroughtly mixed and drained from the tank at the same rate. How much salt is in the tank(a) after t minutes and (b) after 20 minutes...
  6. N

    Integrate mixture of multivariate normal distributions

    I have a mixture of multivariate normal distributions, and I want to compute the integral with the first element of the input vector varying between specified limits, and the other elements varying from -infinity to +infinity. See attached pdf for equations. I've done it numerically but would...
  7. J

    Linear First Order Differential Equation - Mixture Problem

    The problem and attempt at solution are typed below
  8. K

    Partial Pressures of an Ideal Gas Mixture Containing Water Vapor

    Homework Statement A gas mixture of 0.13 mol NH3, 1.27 mol N2, and 0.025 mol H2O vapor is contained at a total pressure of 830 mm Hg and 323 K. Calculate the following: (a) Mole fraction of each component. (b) Partial pressure of each component in mm Hg. (c) Total volume of mixture in m3...
  9. B

    How is the Calorimetry Mixture Problem Calculated?

    Hello, my problem is as follows: " If 150 g of lead at 100°C were placed in a calorimeter with 50 g of water at 28.8°C and the resulting temperature of the mixture was 22°C, what are the values of q(lead), q(water), and q(cal)? (Knowing that the specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g °C and the...
  10. M

    Calculate the pressure of the following mixture.

    Homework Statement An oil reservoir contains at water/oil contact (WOC) of 12000ft contains a water column at 800ft, oil at 500ft and gas at 600ft height Calculate the pressure at WOC, 12500, 11700 and 11000 ft? Homework Equations P = rho g h + Patm 1 ft = 0.305m Rho water =...
  11. J

    Physics Heat Ice Water Mixture Question And Find Initial Mass Of Ice

    Homework Statement An ice-water mixture has a mass of 180g and is contained in a 100g aluminum calorimeter When 35g of steam at 100 degree Celsius is condensed in the water, the temperature rises to 50 degree Celsius. How much ice was in the container initially? The heat capacity of water is...
  12. M

    How to calculate pressure of a mixture of oil Reservoir fuids?

    1. Homework Statement Calculate reservoir pore volume in field units and initial gas in place for a formation with total bulk volume of 1E8 m^3. A sample of the reservoir gas mixture has 15 moles of CH4 (Tc = 191K),Pc = 46.1bar), 2 Moles C2H6 (Tc =306K, Pc = 48.8 bar) 3 Moles C3H8 (Tc = 370K...
  13. M

    How to calculate pressure of a mixture of oil Reservoir fuids?

    1. An oil reservoir with normal reservoir pressure at water oil contact (WOC of =12000ft) contains water, oil and gas columns of 800, 500 and 600 ft height respectively. Calculate reservoir pressure at WOC, gas oil contact (G0C) and depths of 12500, 11700 and 11000 ft? ρw = 1000 kg/m^3 ρo =...
  14. 2

    Determine % of Water & Glycol in Mixture from Density & Temp

    Homework Statement I know the density of a mixture of water and glycol. I will call that dmix. I need to find the percentage of water and the percentage of glycol in the mixture. The only other thing I know is the temp. Homework Equations d=m/v The Attempt at a Solution What...
  15. I

    Making a Uniform Mixture of Helium Gas

    1. Homework Statement Question This is an experiment on a dilute isotopic mixture of helium gas. A spherical vessel of diameter 1 m is first filled with 4He gas to one atmosphere pressure. Then a small amount of 3He gas is introduced through a valve on one side of the vessel. Make a rough...
  16. 1

    Specific heat mixture, final temp, etc.

    Homework Statement The specific heat of lead is 0.03 cal/g*C. 300 grams of lead shot at 100* C is mixed with 100 grams of water at 70* C. What is the final temperature of the mixture if the container is insulated. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Q1 = c1m1(Tf - 100)...
  17. M

    Water, Ice, Steam Mixture - Final Temperature

    Hi i am a brand new member to this forum i am studying to be a power engineer and thermodynamics is one of the courses I need to succeed. If i could get help with this problem it would be much appreciated. Homework Statement A perfectly insulated box contains 3.50kg of dry saturated steam...
  18. D

    Specific Heat Capacity Question Mixture Q=MCdeltaT

    Homework Statement A mixture is made by adding 75g of an unknown liquid at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius to 60g of water at a temperature of 90 degrees Celsius. The final temperature f the mixture is 65 degrees Celsius. Calculate the specific heat capacity of the liquid. What is the...
  19. J

    What happens to entropy when mixing two gases with different properties?

    Hi, I am new here, so please direct me if I am posting completely wrong here. Imagine a small enclosed chamber filled with dry H2O gas. The properties are: 0.5 Bar 8.0 kJ/(kg*K) 200C 2850kJ/kg An infinitely large reservoir of H2O gas has the following properties: 1.0 Bar 8.0kJ/(kg*K)...
  20. R

    Calculate Concentration of HCl & HOAc for Titration | NaOH & HCl/HOAc Mixture

    Hi, I'm in lab in which we have to titrate 0.09M NaOH into 25mL of 0.1M HCl/HOAc mixture. Homework Statement I need help on how to calculate the concentration of HCl and HOAc in the mixture. 0.09M NaOH 1st equivalence point = 14.3mL 2nd equivalence point = 26.9mL Difference of two...
  21. T

    Calculate the temperature of a mixture

    Homework Statement Calculate the temperature of a mixture of 0.3kg ice at 0°C and 0.3kg water at 75°C.Find the mass of ice meltedHomework Equations Specific heat capacity of water: 4200J/kg/°C Specific latent heat of fusion of ice: 334 000 J/ kg The Attempt at a Solution Got a negative answer...
  22. FeDeX_LaTeX

    Percentage Composition of Mixture

    Homework Statement "A mixture of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate with a mass of 10.000g was heated to constant mass, with the final mass being 5.096g. Calculate the percentage composition of the mixture, by mass." Homework Equations Decomposition equations. The Attempt at a Solution...
  23. T

    Sugar Water: Homogeneous or Heterogeneous Mixture?

    Ok so starting chem in college and were going over the real basic stuff. Sugar water is classified as a homogeneous mixture, but once water exceeds it's dissolving capacity wouldn't the sugar water be a heterogenous mixture? Or both?
  24. D

    Calculating Temperature of Fuel-Air Mixture

    Homework Statement In many spark-ignition engines, liquid fuel is added to the inlet air upstream of the inlet manifold above the throttle. The inlet manifold is heated to ensure that under steady-state conditions the fuel is vaporized before the mixture enters the cylinder. At normal...
  25. M

    Volume Contraction (Water & Methanol Mixture)

    Hey there. I've been searching the internet on volume contraction with water and methaol mixture. Although I have found a little bit of infomation I don't know why it happens. I found it quite intriguing that mixing 50ml of water and 50ml of Methanol =/= 100ml of liquid. In fact there is a 4%...
  26. L

    Entropy change of ice-water mixture at 273K

    Homework Statement A mixture of 1.773kg of water and 227g of ice is in an initial equilibrium state at 273K, in a reversible process, brought to a second equilibrium state where the water-ice ratio,by mass, is 1:1 at 273K. Calculate the entropy change of the system during the process.Homework...
  27. T

    Solving the Mystery of Deriving O2 Concentration in H2/O2 Mixture

    In a spherical vessel with a hydrogen H2 and oxygen mixture O2 it is stated in a problem that we can derive that the concentration of oxygen [O2] can be derived to be: P / 3RT. With P the total pressure, R the gas constant en T temperature? How on Earth is this possible? I thought the...
  28. K

    What's the best way to separate a dissolved mixture

    Hi folks, I like to recreate medival medicines from old manuscripts but I have come to a slight problem when it comes to the prepairation... I'm trying to separate sodium bicarbonate which is dissolved in water. What I usually do is have a baking dish like the one below filled with the...
  29. Phrak

    Sugar Mixture: Eutectic Potential and Effects

    Does a mixture of sugars have a Eutectic?
  30. B

    Find Equilibrium Temp. of Copper & Water Mixture

    Homework Statement If 7.3 lbs of copper at 12540 deg. F. is added to .52 ft^3 of water at 35 deg. F. in an insulated container, find the equilibrium temperature. Homework Equations I Think I need to use: delta Q= c*m(Temp. final - Temp. original) c.c. = .092 BTU/lb (specific heat...
  31. A

    Mass ratio of steam-ice mixture

    Homework Statement Ice cube at 0 degree is mixed with steam at 100 degree, both become water at 50 degree. Find the ratio of mass of the ice : mass of steam Homework Equations Q=ml Q=mcdT The Attempt at a Solution I tried this way : let the ratio of ice to steam = a:b a x...
  32. A

    Entropy of a contained ideal gas mixture

    If an ideal gas mixture is heated inside of a container which does not expand then does the entropy increase? Outside the container I know it would but inside the container the gases can't really become more disordered.
  33. B

    Calculate Density of Gas Mixture for Oil Burner

    Anybody knows how can i calculate the density of: Light heating oil (C12H23): 840 kg/m3 and air: 1.185 kg/m3 The system is: oil burner in a small burning device and i want to calculate what density is in the inside the burning device. I want to know the density for LAMBDA: 1.2...
  34. F

    Calculating Number Densities of Pu and Na in a Mixture

    Homework Statement 1. Consider a mixture consisting of 5 v/o 239Pu and 95 v/o 23Na. Using the g′ = 1, . . . Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Is v/o volume percent? I have never ran across this notation before and am not too sure how to handle it. I tried googling it...
  35. T

    Unknown specific heat of a mixture of several substances of known specific heat

    Homework Statement A 5.00-g sample of aluminum pellets (specific heat capacity = 0.89 J/°C · g) and a 10.00-g sample of iron pellets (specific heat capacity = 0.45 J/°C · g) are heated to 100.0°C. The mixture of hot iron and aluminum is then dropped into 96.5 g of water at 23.5°C. Calculate...
  36. C

    Solve ODE Mixture Question: 100 Gal Water Tank

    Tank w/ 100 gal pure water. At time = 0, sugar/water mixture with .2 lbs of sugar per gallon enters at 3 gal/ minute. Drain opened at bottom allows sugar solution to leave at 3 gal per minute. Perfect (lol) mixing occurs. I show the following: Rate in: .2 x 3 = .6 Rate out: x/100 Volume: 100...
  37. J

    Calculating Mass Fraction of Inerts in Gas Mixture

    Homework Statement What is the mass fraction of CO, CO2, H2, CH4, and Inerts in 3000metric tonnes of gas mixture, with mole percentages of: -3.52mol% CO2 -27.86mol% CO -67.99mol% H2 -0.21mol% CH4 -0.44mol% inerts Homework Equations basic conversions, although we don't know the molar...
  38. F

    Surprising Benefits of Adding Salt to Ice/Water Mixture

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cgAlxBEPEf4&NR=1&feature=fvwp The guy in the video says something like "the salts going to allow the ice to stay at its freezing point without melting." I've always thought that adding salt to ice/water mixture lowers the freezing point, and therefore melts the...
  39. M

    Cooling of water vapor - air mixture to T < 273K

    What happens if you cool the mixture of water vapor and air to the temperature lower than 273 K? Since saturation pressure is higher than 0 some vapor should stay in the air. In the solid form?
  40. L

    Calculating Composition & Temp of Mixture After Adding Steam & Ice

    Homework Statement One kg of steam at 100 degrees Celsius is added to 1 kg of ice at 0 degrees Celsius. What is the composition and temperature of the resulting mixture. The heat of fusion for water is 79.7 kcal/kg, the heat of vaporization is 539 kcal/kg, and specific heats of ice and water...
  41. G

    Phosphoric acid mixture titration

    Homework Statement A mixture of phosphoric acid and NaH2PO4 are titrated against 0.151 M NaOH. The first equivalence point is at 0.00345 L and the second equiv point is at 0.01288 M. The volume of the total mixture was 60 ml. Calculate the concentration of both the phosphoric acid...
  42. A

    A saturated mixture is heated, volume is doubled and pressure remains the same.

    Homework Statement A saturated water mixture is heated. P1=200kPa m=0.5kg V1=0.3m^3 V2=0.6m^3 find T1 T2 Internal Energy 2. The attempt at a solution Using the pressure tables and interpolation I found T2=120.12 stuck on T2 and internal energy.
  43. A

    Devices that can inject air-fuel mixture into the combustion chamber

    hey, I need all the help i can get on this one... can u guys tell me if there is any device that can be used instead of an ordinary fuel injector since i want it to be able to inject an air-fuel mixture. since the normal injector can't inject air i desperately need another device...
  44. P

    Calculating the shear force of an impeller on cement mixture

    Hello All, I have a quick question for you. I have small sample of a cement-like-like-material and I am high shear mixing it using a power drill and a impeller blade. The material is placed a beaker and the impeller blade shears the cement of the bottom of the beaker. I would like to...
  45. Q

    Mixture of ideal gas (a tricky one?)

    Homework Statement ethylene is stored in 5.6 liter spherical vessel at 260degC and 2750 kPa. To protect against explosion the vessel is enclosed in another spherical vessel with volume of 56L and filled with nitrogen at 260degC and 10.1Mpa. The entire assembly is maintained at 260degC in a...
  46. S

    Mixture of hydrogen and oxygen

    Does mixture of hydrogen and oxygen actually has to be ignited or the reaction occurs even without ignition when some critical H:O proportion is reached?
  47. E

    Modelling DE mixture problem

    Homework Statement A solution of material A of concentration C0 kg/m3 flows into a tank at the flow rate F m3/min. The tank has fixed volume V m3 and is continuously stirred. The solution on the tank is of concentration C and flows out the top of the tank at the flow rate F. The material A...
  48. 4

    Differential equations capacity tank problem (chemical solutions) mixture

    Homework Statement A 300-gal capacity tank contains a solution of 200 gals of water and 50 lbs of salt. A solution containing 3 lbs of salt per gallon is allowed to flow into the tank at the rate of 4gal/min. The mixture flows from the tank at the rate of 4 gal/min. The mixture flows from the...
  49. D

    Extract these materials from a mixture?

    I have a number of materials all mixed together in a beaker, my task is to extract each material individually, and get the weight of those materials. The materials in the beaker are: -Olive Oil -Copper 'bits' about the size of rice grains -Beach Sand -Iron Filings -Gravel - pebbles...
  50. J

    Heat capacities of a gas mixture.

    Homework Statement 1 gram of Hydrogen H_2 and 1 gram of Helium He are put together into a container of 10 L in volume and at a temperature of 27°C. (a) Find the pressure (b) Find the molar specific heat capacities C_v and C_p, as well as \gamma = \frac{C_p}{C_v} of this gas mixture...
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