Object sliding on inclined plane whose angle increases

In summary, the problem involves a particle sliding on a smooth inclined plane with a changing angle. The Lagrangian is derived using polar coordinates for the position of the particle and solving for the motion of the particle using the Lagrange's equation. The question arises about using the Lagrange's equation in terms of the angle instead of the position, which leads to a different solution. However, this is not a valid approach as the angle is not a generalized coordinate for this problem.
  • #1
Incand
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Homework Statement


I have a question that came up during a mechanics problem. (I put my question towards the end of the post)

A particle slides on a smooth inclined plane whose inclination ##\theta## is increasing at a constant rate ##\omega##. If ##\theta(t=0)=0## at which time the particle starts from rest, find the motion of the particle.

Homework Equations


##\frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot q} - \frac{\partial L}{\partial q} = 0##

The Attempt at a Solution


Using polar coordinates for the position of the particle the Lagrangian is
##L = \frac{m}{2}\left(\dot r^2 +r^2\dot \theta^2 \right) -mgr\sin \theta##
Inserting this in L.E. we get
##m\ddot r -mr\dot \theta^2 + mg \sin \theta = 0##
Since ##\theta = \omega t## this describes the motion of the particle.
Solving this gives
##r(t) = \frac{g\sin (\omega t)}{2 \omega^2} + r_0\coth \omega t - \frac{g}{2\omega^2}\sinh \omega t##

Now my question is that what if we instead take L.E. in terms of ##\theta## then
##2mr \dot \theta \dot r - mr g \cos \theta = 0 \Longrightarrow \dot r =\frac{g}{2 \omega} \cos \omega t##
with the solution ##r(t) = \frac{g \sin \omega t}{2 \omega^2} + r_0##
This solution is pretty close to the other one but not identical. Is the problem here that ##\theta## isn't a generalised coordinate for this problem so doing this doesn't make any sense and it's just coincidence?
 
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  • #2
In your first part, ##r## only is the generalized coordinate.
In the second part you phantasize: 'LE in terms of ##\theta##' means ##r## and ##\dot r## are givens ?
And you don't solve for ##\theta## but you impose ##\theta= \omega t## ?
 
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  • #3
BvU said:
In your first part, ##r## only is the generalized coordinate.
In the second part you phantasize: 'LE in terms of ##\theta##' means ##r## and ##\dot r## are givens ?
And you don't solve for ##\theta## but you impose ##\theta= \omega t## ?
Thanks! That's the confirmation I was looking for!
 

1. What is the relationship between the angle of an inclined plane and the speed of an object sliding down it?

The steeper the angle of the inclined plane, the faster the object will slide down it. This is due to the force of gravity pulling the object more directly downwards.

2. Does the mass of the object affect its speed on an inclined plane?

Yes, the mass of the object does affect its speed on an inclined plane. The greater the mass of the object, the more force is required to move it down the inclined plane. This means that a heavier object will slide down the plane at a slower speed than a lighter object.

3. How does the coefficient of friction impact the motion of an object on an inclined plane?

The coefficient of friction is a measure of how rough or smooth the surface of the inclined plane is. A higher coefficient of friction means there is more resistance to the motion of the object, causing it to slide down the plane at a slower speed.

4. What other factors besides angle and mass can affect the motion of an object on an inclined plane?

Other factors that can affect the motion of an object on an inclined plane include air resistance, the shape and size of the object, and the surface of the inclined plane (e.g. roughness or smoothness).

5. How can we calculate the acceleration of an object sliding down an inclined plane?

The acceleration of an object sliding down an inclined plane can be calculated using the formula a = g * sin(θ), where a is the acceleration, g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s²) and θ is the angle of the inclined plane. This formula assumes no air resistance or friction.

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