Particle in a Box: Odd/Even Parity Explained

In summary, the conversation discusses the eigen function for a particle in a 1-D box with impenetrable walls at x=0 and x=L. The function is always of odd parity, but when the origin is shifted to the center of the box, there are two sets of eigen functions - one with odd parity and one with even parity. This raises a question about the difference in parity between the two sets and the flaw in the understanding of the situation.
  • #1
Amith2006
427
2

Homework Statement



Consider a particle in a 1-D box with impenetrable walls at x=0 and x=L. Then the eigen function for this problem is of the form,
[tex]\Psi(x) = \sqrt{2/L}sin(n\pi\ x/L)[/tex]
This is always of odd parity. The question which is troubling me is that, in this case though the eigen function seems to be of odd parity mathematically, when see their eigen states, they are alternately symmetric and anti-symmetric i.e odd and even parity.
On the contrary, if the origin is shifted to the centre of the box in which case the particle is confined between -L/2 to +L/2, then there are 2 sets of eigen functions. One set of functions is of odd parity and other set of functions is of even parity. Since both are of same width, how can there exist such a difference? Could someone point out the flaw in my understanding?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution

 
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  • #2
For the first situation with walls at x=0 and x=L, the solution you gave is correct and it has odd parity with respect to the origin. However, that equation only gives the particle's wave function from 0 to L. The functions have alternating odd and even parity with respect to x=L/2 though. I hope that helps.
 
  • #3
the results are equivalent, but as L/2 is the natural axis of symmetry of the system, that's the one I'd condier parity in
 

Related to Particle in a Box: Odd/Even Parity Explained

1. What is a particle in a box?

A particle in a box is a theoretical model used in quantum mechanics to explain the behavior of a particle confined to a small, one-dimensional space. It is a simplified version of a more complex system and is often used to illustrate important concepts in quantum mechanics.

2. How is the odd/even parity of a particle in a box determined?

The odd/even parity of a particle in a box is determined by the symmetry of its wave function. The wave function describes the probability of finding the particle at a certain location within the box. If the wave function is symmetric, the particle has an even parity, and if it is anti-symmetric, the particle has an odd parity.

3. What is the significance of odd/even parity in a particle in a box?

The odd/even parity of a particle in a box is significant because it affects the energy levels of the particle. In a particle with even parity, only even energy levels are allowed, while in a particle with odd parity, only odd energy levels are allowed. This has important implications for the behavior and properties of the particle.

4. How does the energy of a particle in a box change with increasing box size?

The energy of a particle in a box is quantized, meaning it can only have certain discrete values. As the size of the box increases, the number of allowed energy levels also increases. This results in a wider range of possible energies for the particle.

5. Can a particle in a box have both odd and even parity?

No, a particle in a box can only have either odd or even parity, not both. This is because the wave function must be either symmetric or anti-symmetric, it cannot be both at the same time. However, in a system with multiple particles, some particles may have odd parity while others have even parity.

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