Atoms Definition and 852 Threads

Dear all, I really need help. My question: How do i project the density of states onto orbitals of atoms? this is to do a charge analysis. Can anyone provide me with an eqn or refer me to any relevant text or paper. Greatly apprieciate your help. Thanks nisha

Question: How many atoms are there in 0.500 mol of Argon? No relevant equations do you take atomic molar mass (39.95) divided by 0.500 mol?

Atomic physics studies the electron hull of atoms. This branch of physics is distinct from nuclear physics, despite their association in the public consciousness. Atomic physics is not concerned with the intra-nuclear processes studied in nuclear physics, although properties of the nucleus can...

i am now reading the book by woodgate: elementary atomic strucure, 2nd edition. on page 62, he discusses the spin-orbit coupling in hydrogen atom, and calculates the first order shift of the energy due to this effect. I have some doubt about his procedure from eq.4.25 to eq.4.27 the...

This may be a silly question but it just popped into my head yesterday. Are there a definite number of atoms in the universe? Because if the universe is expanding, then does that mean that there are more atoms in the universe or is everything just being pulled farther apart? (however, that logic...

Homework Statement A neutron in a nuclear reactor makes an elastic head-on collision with the nucleus of a carbon atom initially at rest. (a) What fraction of the neutron's kinetic energy is transferred to the carbon nucleus? (The mass of the carbon nucleus is about 12 times the mass of...

I know that 'When electrons get excited, they release photons to "un-excite".' So how can a atom 'produce' photons?

I've read a good few different explanations and learned about electron configurations in school but I still don't understand how to write the electron configuration for a big atom like Copper. Heres how I would write it 1S2,2S2,2P6,3S2,3P6,3D... First off he told me 3D didn't even belong...

I've studied enough of physics and chemistry to find out this question has not yet been answered. All theories derive mathematical formulas that deal with point particles. But how are scienstists convinced that nature is made of point particles.

I'm looking for a simple physical explanation of the lowest energy level in atoms, so I can provide a brief explanation to interested laypeople (not to mention just to help myself understand better). Does anybody want to take a crack at it? Or am I asking for the impossible? Since electron...

I'm looking for a simple physical explanation of the discrete energy level in atoms, so I can provide a brief explanation to interested laypeople (not to mention just to help myself understand better). Does anybody want to take a crack at it? Or am I asking for the impossible?

I've heard this before, and am just wondering if you guys think it's true. The saying is "There are more atoms in a cup of water than there are cups of water in the oceans of the world." I am pretty sure I heard this on some Science Channel show about atoms. I know it would depend on the...

Homework Statement Treat one of lithium's n=1 electrons as a single electron in a one-electron atoms of z=3. a) Find the energy and orbit radius. b) The other n=1 electron, being in the same spatial state, must have the same energy and radius, but we must account for the repulsion...

Problem: A) In a simple cubic arrangement the atoms sit at the corners of imaginary cubes with their curved surfaces just touching. Show that the ratio of filled space to empty space between the atoms is pi/6 or about 0.5. This "packing fraction" is related to the density of the material. The...

Homework Statement The atomic mass of tellurium is 2.12×10-25 kg, and the frequency, 7.53×1012 Hz. What is the effective force constant that connects the two atoms? Homework Equations Have no idea The Attempt at a Solution I am lost with this problem, we havn't learned it in...

Homework Statement The atomic mass number of copper is A = 64. Assume that atoms in solid copper form a cubic crystal lattice. To envision this, imagine that you place atoms at the centers of tiny sugar cubes, then stack the little sugar cubes to form a big cube. If you dissolve the sugar, the...

Homework Statement a) What is the minimum kinetic energy in electron volts that an electron must have to be able to ionize a hydrogen atom (that is, remove the electron from being bound to the proton)? I got the answer here which is 13.6 ev b) If electrons of energy 12.8 eV are incident...

It is said that the electrons in heavier atoms have speed close to that of light and therefore undergo relativistic effects? May I ask why is this so? What is it in heavier elements that caused such a change to the speed of the electron? Is it related to the energy-mass equivalence formula?

Homework Statement What is the total number of atoms in the molecules? NH3 - 2.5 mole Homework Equations Would you multiply the number of atoms in NH3 by Avogadro constant to find the number of atoms? (4 atoms)(6.02*10^23) =answer Or would you multiply the number of moles by Avogadro...

The distance between a carbon atom (m = 12.0u) and an oxygen atom (m = 16.0u) in the CO molecule is 1.13×10-10 m. How far from the carbon atom is the center of mass of the molecule? I know i have to found out the CM, but the center of mas is cm= (r1m1 + r2m2)/(m1+m2) and i don't have...

The distance between a carbon atom (m = 12.0u) and an oxygen atom (m = 16.0u) in the CO molecule is 1.13×10-10 m. How far from the carbon atom is the center of mass of the molecule?

I read much about atoms, molecules and electrons but still i am not able to get answers for my study towards magnetic media. Please help me with the following questions in anyway you can, i would be really really grateful as it is going to help me a lot with my study towards magnetic media...

The intense laser-atom physics becomes hot today. There is a famous interesting phenomenon: High-order harmonic generation (HHG). Lots of works are on the single atom response in the strong field approximation. Some of them obtain the spectrum by solving the Schrödinger equation. Then they say...

Homework Statement I am an amateur researching elementary particles; on tabulating atoms the elements, atoms of the highlighted elements in the diagram below formed one group (of two possible groups); I should like to know if there is anything unique to the highlighted elements...

Homework Statement A microscopic scientist is assembling sugar molecules (C6H12O6) from C, H, and O atoms. If he has 6.022x10^23 atoms of each type, how many grams of sugar molecules can he assemble? Which type of atom does he run out of first? Homework Equations 1 mol = 6.02x10^23 atoms 1...

Question: The postulate that mass attracts mass is present in both the classical description of gravity and GR. My question is related to the extra nuetrons in heavy atoms, if there is experimental evidence that these extra neutrons are also part of the equation. I wish to read about...

Homework Statement In an experiment, we've isolated silver atoms that are in a purely |\uparrow \rangle state with respect to the z-axis, and feed these into a Stern-Gerlach apparatus oriented at an angle of \frac{\pi}{4} between the x and z axes, which measures an observable we will call...

is it possible to separate an atom into its smaller subatomic particles like electrons and the quarks that make up protons and neutrons and keep those particles contained or do they always have to form an atom.

Do the atoms in molecules separate quicker if they are moved more vigourously in their lifetime and therefoe cause death of the living organism they makes up sooner? For example: A giant tortoise is slower than a cheatah during its life and lives longer. A tree is slower than a tortoise and...

How many copper atoms are there per grain? What is the volume of a grain of metal containing 1020 copper atoms?

E=1/n^2 (-13.6eV) for other one-electron atoms –ionized helium (Z=2), doubly-ionized lithium (Z=3),etc. I found contradicting here is that one-electron atom and Z=2, 3. If it’s one electron, then there is only one proton, so where do 2 or 3 protons come from? Thanks.

How do you control the illuminance of atoms to create a safe output of energy to form a light source? Can it be done using a magnetic field to move the atoms to form a sphere shape of light? Alan Arqueza

Homework Statement You are given a 250mg tablet of Vitamin C, C6H8O6. How many atoms are in the Vitamin C sample? The Attempt at a Solution Formula Mass = 6(12.01)+8(1.01)+6(16.00) = 176.1 g/mol 250mg (1g/1000mg)(1mole/176.1g)(6.02e23molecules/1mole) = 8.546 molecules How do I...

1. How are ions formed from atoms? Attempt at Solution: From reading books and browsing on the internet I've collected a good amount of information, but I don't completely understand them. "An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses an electron in bonding with another atom, causing the...

i am having a bit of trouble with this question, and its not explained very clearly in our textbook... "what are the RMS speeds of helium an dargon in a gas at 1000 degrees C" any help would be greatly appreciated. physics is definitely not one of my strengths... =D cheers. KC

Homework Statement A structural I beam is made of iron> A view of its cross-section and its dimensions is shown in the figure, where d = 2 cm, w= 31 cm, h= 28 cm and the length (not shown) of the beam is L= 1.53 m. The density of iron is 7560 kg/m^3. The atomic weight of iron is 55.85 g/mol...

Please add this title: Calculating the mass and number of atoms of a structural I beam. Homework Statement A structural I beam is made of iron> A view of its cross-section and its dimensions is shown in the figure, where d = 2 cm, w= 31 cm, h= 28 cm and the length (not shown) of the beam...

Hi, I have a thermodynamics problem which I tried to solve but have no idea whether my attempt has been succesful. Here is the problem: Initially the translational root mean squared speed of an atom of a monatomic ideal gas is 250 m/s. The pressure and volume of the gas are each doubled...

Is there a way to find the distance between atoms? For example, if you have a pure gold film... how can you find out how far the gold atoms are spaced?

Why does light not pass through voids within atoms?? Wow, i luuuuuvvvvv this site. for years I've had a fascination but rarely found many answers on many things. so a BIG thanks to some of you have been answering some of my questions so far. Here's another... When doing a fibre optic...

don't all atoms decay? don't even protons decay?

Are atoms 'perpetual machines'? To me it seems they are? Does friction affect electrons at all? For example, A rock's atom's electrons have been orbiting the nucleus for the past, say 4 billion years without energy being supplied to the atom... Thanks for your input.

A monochromatic point source of light radiates 25 W at a wavelength of 5000 angstroms. A plate of metal is placed 100 cm from the source. Atoms in the metal have a radius of 1 angstrom. Assume that the atom can continually absorb light. The work function of the metal is 4 eV. How long is it...

Several questions they may not be all answerable but hey :D How do proton and neutrons stay together? If one's got a positive charge and one's got a neutral charge there's nothing holding them together? Once a proton is split from a neutron and/or it's nucleus would you be able to bind them...

Hello I was wondering if someone could tell me what is in the empty space of an atom. Or if it's actually empty why doesn't it fill up with something or collapse? Thanks for taking the time to answer what I hope isn't too dumb a question:smile: Nancy

the density of ice(solid) is less than that of water(liquid) and density of mercury(liquid) is more than that of many solids. thinking about it, it seemed natural to me that the more closely are the atoms or molecules packed the greater will be their density. but on packing them closely, isn't...

Let's say, for ease of reference, an electron strikes a mercury atom with just enough energy such that this mercury atom is excited to another energy level. What would happen if a photon struck this atom with the same amount of energy? I remember encourtering a True/False problem like this in a...

We can easily write down configuration of electrons in an atom of given element. The question is how can I calculate the magnetic moment of given atom knowing configuration of electrons in that atom? Or maybe some other data is needed? Especially I am interested in calculation of magnetic moment...

For a chain of masses lying on a horizontal frictionless surface, with each mass connected to its neighbour mass by a spring of force constant s, the equation of motion for the nth mass is: m(x_n)'' = -s[2(x_n) - x(n-1) - x(n=1)] Where: x_n is the displacement of the nth mass from its...

Not just free electrons, ALL electrons. How strong would that be?