Exposure to sunlight causes skin to darken as a protective mechanism against UV rays, while hair lightens due to the breakdown of pigment from UV exposure. Since hair is dead, no new pigment can be produced, resulting in lighter shades rather than a complete loss of pigment, which would lead to white hair. The discussion also touches on the strength of hair pigments, with ginger hair often considered to have stronger pigmentation than black hair. This phenomenon of sun-kissed highlights contributes to the popularity of tanning and hair salons, as many people seek this aesthetic.