AC windings and DC windings refer to the types of electrical windings used in transformers and other devices, where AC windings are designed for alternating current and DC windings are tailored for direct current applications. The primary difference lies in their operational characteristics; AC windings facilitate the transformation of voltage levels in AC systems, while DC windings are often used for biasing in specific applications, such as in fluxgate magnetometers. In these magnetometers, a DC winding can help cancel out a DC magnetic field to ensure accurate measurements. The discussion highlights the practical applications of both winding types, particularly in the context of magnetic field measurement. Understanding these differences is crucial for selecting the appropriate winding type for specific electrical applications.