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forcefield
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What is the relationship between the nitrogen inversion (or "flip-flop" or "turning itself inside out") and the associated microwave radiation of the ammonia molecule ?
blue_leaf77 said:The energy difference between these two levels is what you observe as a microwave radiation.
blue_leaf77 said:It's not like that
blue_leaf77 said:an eigenfunction of the Hamiltonian is stationary state, that is it will never change to another state. So both the ground state and the first excited state, which are ##|S\rangle## and ##|A\rangle## in our notation above, respectively, will not oscillate.
blue_leaf77 said:However if you build a superposition state between those two energy eigenstates, for example ##|up\rangle## and let this new state evolve in time, which mathematically reads as ##|up , t\rangle = 1/\sqrt{2}(e^{-iE_S /\hbar t} |S\rangle - e^{-iE_A /\hbar t}|A\rangle) = 1/\sqrt{2}e^{-iE_S /\hbar t}( |S\rangle - e^{-i(E_A-E_S) /\hbar t}|A\rangle)##, you will see that this state will not stay as it is at t = 0. In particular when t is such that the complex exponential in the second term is equal to -1, this state will become ## |down\rangle## up to a phase factor. Let this state evolve further for the same amount of time it took to from t=0 to that when it becomes ##|down\rangle##, and you will obtain ##|up\rangle## again. You see, this evolution is an oscillation in time.
Not with the same frequency, the frequency of the phase factor of each stationary state depends on its corresponding energy.forcefield said:Stationary states have phases that vary at the same frequency.
I guess this is an example of coherence of a quantum system, which occurs because the eigenstates of the system keep accumulating phases over time with different rates.forcefield said:So you get that the probability of finding the molecule in one of it's position states changes with a frequency that happens to be the same as the frequency of the radiation associated with the energy states. Is there a reason why these frequencies are same ?
The molecular geometry of ammonia is trigonal pyramidal, with a bond angle of approximately 107 degrees.
The trigonal pyramidal geometry of ammonia allows for efficient absorption and emission of radiation, making it a good candidate for use in lasers and spectroscopy.
Yes, the molecular geometry of ammonia can be changed through the addition of electronegative atoms or the application of external forces, such as pressure or temperature.
The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom in ammonia contributes to its trigonal pyramidal geometry and affects the distribution of charge within the molecule.
The trigonal pyramidal geometry of ammonia leads to a polar molecule, with the nitrogen atom having a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atoms having partial positive charges.