The discussion evaluates the GNU C/C++ compiler's effectiveness for scientific applications, highlighting the need for specific criteria to assess compiler quality, such as object code size, execution speed, and adherence to standards. While Intel's compiler is noted for producing faster code, GCC is recognized as the primary tool for compiling applications in Linux, including GUI applications using libraries like GTK or Qt. Participants clarify that GCC can compile various types of applications beyond console-based ones. The conversation also touches on the practical use of GCC for smaller projects and the potential for larger applications to be built from smaller components. Overall, GCC is deemed a versatile choice for developers working in a Linux environment.