Calculating the energy of a harmonic oscillator

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the energy of a harmonic oscillator using the classical mechanics framework. The general solution for the position of the oscillator is given by x(t) = Acos(ωt) + Bsin(ωt). The total energy, expressed in terms of the amplitude constants A and B, is derived from the Lagrangian L = (1/2)m(ẋ²) - (1/2)kx². The user encounters difficulties in simplifying the energy expression to solely depend on A and B, indicating potential errors in their calculations.

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  • Understanding of classical mechanics principles, particularly harmonic oscillators.
  • Familiarity with Lagrangian mechanics and the formulation of the Lagrangian.
  • Knowledge of calculus, specifically differentiation and integration techniques.
  • Ability to manipulate trigonometric identities and expressions in physics contexts.
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This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in classical mechanics, particularly those studying harmonic oscillators and energy calculations in oscillatory systems.

demonelite123
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the general solution is given by x(t) = Acos(ωt) + Bsin(ωt). Express the total energy in terms of A and B and notice how it is independent of time.

my book derives a formula earlier which says [tex]\frac{\partial{S_{cl}}}{\partial{t_f}} = -E[/tex] where [tex]S_{cl}[/tex] is the classical path defined by [tex]S_{cl} = \int L dt[/tex] where L is the lagrangian.

i know that the lagrangian for a harmonic oscillator is L = [tex]\frac{1}{2}m\dot{x}^2-\frac{1}{2}kx^2[/tex]

so i tried [tex]\frac{\partial{S}}{\partial{t}}[/tex] = [tex]\int (\frac{\partial{L}}{\partial{x}} \dot{x} dt + \frac{\partial{L}}{\partial{\dot{x}}}\frac{d\dot{x}}{dt} dt)[/tex]

and i have [tex]\dot{x} = -A\omega\sin(\omega t)+B\omega\cos(\omega t)[/tex] as well as [tex]\ddot{x} = -A\omega^2\cos(\omega t)-B\omega^2\sin(\omega t)[/tex]

so after substituting and taking the antiderivative, i get something very messy:
[tex]\frac{1}{2}(ma^2\omega^2 + kB^2\omega^3)(t - \frac{1}{2\omega}\sin{2\omega t})+\frac{1}{2}(mB^2\omega^2 + kA^2\omega^3)(t+\frac{1}{2\omega}\sin{2\omega t}) - \frac{1}{2\omega}(kAB\omega^3 - mAB\omega^2)\cos{2\omega t}[/tex]

i am supposed to get something only in terms of A and B but it seems like it will since nothing really cancels out. did i make a mistake? help on this will be greatly appreciated.
 
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I don't think the units on some of your terms work out, so you apparently made a math error somewhere. Recheck your calculations.
 
for harmonic oscillator V(x)=1/2kx^2

try maximizing E= V(x)+kinetic energy


KE = 1/2(m)(dx/dt)^2

its a classical solution but i think it still applies
 

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