Caltech Master's and Ph.D. Programs

[Chemicist]

Again, you're thinking too far ahead. You might do your first Chemistry sequence in college and realize you hate it for N reasons. Of course, things might go the other way but right now, you should wait.

You might also want to consider http://www.19ecolesdechimie.com/-CHEM-I-ST-.html. .pdf file in http://www.19ecolesdechimie.com/documents/Plaquette-CHEMIST-2007-Anglais-.pdf .

The French have a different system. There are universities there but one should really be looking at a Classe Preparatoire and then a Grande Ecole instead of universities. One attends a classe preparatoire after having graduated from high school. It lasts for two years and only the second year can be repeated. If you fail the first year, you're kicked out. And this actually happens. It's two intense years of work in physics, chemistry, mathematics and engineering sciences (along with some philosophy/history and languages). That's the "track" you want; it's called PCSI - physique, chimie et sciences de l'ingenieur.

Why that? You will be doing very advanced work (think at least sophomore/junior level) for two years in the prepa and that will give you a good idea of what advanced work in the sciences looks like. After that, you get the chance to enrol in a grande ecole (at least, if you do very well and go to one of the prepas I linked you with; normally, one has to compete with students who come from all over the country) where you spend another 3-4 years, after which you graduate with a Master's.

Here's where it gets interesting.
http://www.espci.fr/en/educational-programs/the-espci-ingenieur-degree/
There, you one studies a core curriculum for two years. The third year is a placement, whether in an academic setting or industry. (iirc) The fourth year is spent doing another masters or starting one's doctorate.

Read their curriculum and see for yourself.

Thanks, but I'm not really interested in going to school in France.