Can Atoms Be Stretched and Do Rigid Bodies Heat Up Under Force?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of atoms and rigid bodies, specifically addressing whether atoms can be stretched or compressed and if theoretically rigid objects heat up when subjected to changing forces. The scope includes theoretical considerations and conceptual clarifications related to physics and material properties.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that atoms can be compressed, citing neutron stars as an extreme example, but express uncertainty about the possibility of stretching atoms.
  • One participant argues that a theoretically rigid object cannot get warm when changing forces are applied, as it has no internal degrees of freedom.
  • Another participant questions the relevance of thermodynamic properties for an object that theoretically cannot exist, suggesting a conceptual challenge in discussing rigid bodies.
  • There is a discussion about the compressibility of atoms, with one participant asserting that the compression of atoms is essential for the formation of neutron stars.
  • One participant introduces the idea of space expansion and its potential effects on flexible systems, questioning whether gravitational and strong nuclear forces could be diminished by this expansion.
  • Another participant suggests that if these forces must "overcome" the expansion of space, it could lead to movement or work that might convert to heat.
  • A later reply clarifies that the initial question may have been misinterpreted, emphasizing that a group of atoms in a solid can indeed be compressed.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the compressibility of atoms and the heating of rigid bodies under force. There is no consensus on whether atoms can be stretched or the implications of forces on rigid bodies, indicating ongoing debate and uncertainty.

Contextual Notes

Some limitations include the dependence on definitions of rigidity and compressibility, as well as unresolved questions regarding the thermodynamic behavior of theoretical constructs.

Paul Howard A
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From previous threads I understand that perfectly rigid bodies cannot exist.
Two, perhaps, simple questions:

1. Can atoms be stretched or compressed?
2. Does a theoretically rigid/immobile object get warm when a changing forces are applied?
 
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Paul Howard A said:
1. Can atoms be stretched or compressed?
I would say yes for compressed. E.g. a neutron star is a fairly extreme example. I am not sure how you could stretch an atom, but since you can clearly compress it I would guess hat there is a way to stretch it also. I just don’t know what that would be.

Paul Howard A said:
2. Does a theoretically rigid/immobile object get warm when a changing forces are applied?
No. A theoretically rigid object has no internal degrees of freedom. It cannot get warm.
 
Paul Howard A said:
2. Does a theoretically rigid/immobile object get warm when a changing forces are applied?
For the second question, you are asking what theory predicts about the thermodynamic properties of an object that cannot theoretically exist?
 
The example of a neutron star is not made of atoms. Are there other examples of compressible atoms?
I am really asking to determine if an atom might be considered rigid.
 
Paul Howard A said:
The example of a neutron star is not made of atoms.
The compression of the atoms leads to the neutron star. If they were not compressible then it could not be formed.
 
Dale said:
I would say yes for compressed. E.g. a neutron star is a fairly extreme example. I am not sure how you could stretch an atom, but since you can clearly compress it I would guess hat there is a way to stretch it also. I just don’t know what that would be.

I was thinking about the expansion of space.

It is argued that things that are bound by gravitation or the strong nuclear force do not experience and increase in size. However, if such systems are flexible (and gravitationally bound systems clearly are) then, shouldn't the expansion of space within these structures be manifest by a release of energy as these flexible systems respond to the spatial dynamics.
 
And to hopefully conclude my befuddlement:

It is further argued that gravity and the strong nuclear force "overcome" the expansion of space within their systems. If these forces must "overcome" the expansion, then wouldn't their respective forces diminished? Which in a flexible system would translate to movement or work; Which might convert to heat?
 
Paul Howard A said:
I was thinking about the expansion of space. ...
You may want to ask this question in the cosmology section
 
Paul Howard A said:
From previous threads I understand that perfectly rigid bodies cannot exist.
Two, perhaps, simple questions:

1. Can atoms be stretched or compressed?
I think the way you asked this may have led to confusion. I think you really want to know whether a GROUP of atoms comprising a solid can be compressed. The answer is clearly yes.
 

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