Can Magnetic Flux Induce EMF in Transformer Without Shearing Winding Conductors?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of how changing magnetic flux can induce an electromotive force (EMF) in the secondary winding of a transformer, specifically under the condition that the magnetic flux does not shear or cut through the winding conductors. Participants explore the physics behind statically induced EMFs and currents in transformers.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks clarification on how a magnetic flux confined to a magnetic circuit can induce an EMF in a surrounding coil without cutting through the conductors, emphasizing the need to understand the physics behind statically induced EMFs.
  • Another participant explains that the applied voltage induces a flux in the iron core, leading to a reactive magnetizing current, and describes the phase relationships between the applied voltage, the induced flux, and the resulting EMF in the secondary winding according to Faraday's law.
  • A later reply reiterates the importance of understanding that the flux does not need to physically pass through the wire, but rather that a time-varying flux through the area of the loop formed by the wire can induce a voltage.
  • One participant suggests looking into Green's theorem and Stokes' theorem to grasp the concept of how flux through a loop can induce a voltage, indicating that this requires a conceptual leap similar to accepting the validity of those mathematical theorems.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying levels of understanding and curiosity about the underlying principles, but there is no consensus on the explanation of how the induced EMF occurs without the flux cutting the conductors. Multiple perspectives and interpretations are presented without resolution.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexity of the relationship between magnetic flux and induced EMF, with participants acknowledging the need for deeper exploration of theoretical concepts such as Green's theorem and its implications for understanding electromagnetic induction.

b.shahvir
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Hi, :smile:

I would like to understand something pertaining to transformer action.

How does a changing magnetic flux, assumed to be bound by an 'ideal' magnetic core (with zero leakage flux), induce an EMF in the secondary winding of a transformer...without the flux ever shearing or cutting the winding conductors? Can someone please explain the actual physics behind statically induced EMFs and currents under these conditions?
Thanx.
 
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The applied voltage (EMF) induces a flux in the iron, with a reactive magnetizing current (dI/dt = V/L, where L = the inductance), leading the applied voltage by 90 degrees. The flux change in the iron in turn induces a voltage (EMF) in the secondary winding (Faraday's law), again shifted by 90 degrees, so it is 180 degrees out of phase (remember the minus sign in Faraday's Law) with the applied voltage. If you connect a resistance to the secondary, the resistor current is in phase with both the input and output voltages.
 
Bob S said:
The applied voltage (EMF) induces a flux in the iron, with a reactive magnetizing current (dI/dt = V/L, where L = the inductance), leading the applied voltage by 90 degrees. The flux change in the iron in turn induces a voltage (EMF) in the secondary winding (Faraday's law), again shifted by 90 degrees, so it is 180 degrees out of phase (remember the minus sign in Faraday's Law) with the applied voltage. If you connect a resistance to the secondary, the resistor current is in phase with both the input and output voltages.

Dear Bob, :smile:

I'm aware of Faraday's laws of Electromagnetic Induction and transformer action in general. However, my interest is basically to understand how a magnetic flux confined to a magnetic circuit be able to induce an EMF in a coil surrounding the magnetic core. Flux leakage is considered to be zero so that there is no cutting of secondary winding conductors...basically I need to understand the physics behind statically induced EMFs.
Thanx
 
b.shahvir said:
Dear Bob, :smile:

I'm aware of Faraday's laws of Electromagnetic Induction and transformer action in general. However, my interest is basically to understand how a magnetic flux confined to a magnetic circuit be able to induce an EMF in a coil surrounding the magnetic core. Flux leakage is considered to be zero so that there is no cutting of secondary winding conductors...basically I need to understand the physics behind statically induced EMFs.
Thanx

There is no requirement for the flux to physically pass through the wire, just that there is a time varying flux passing through the area of the loop made by the wire.

It's a strange concept...

Try looking at Green's theorem (leading onto stokes theorem). To accept that green's theorem is correct requires the same leap of faith you need to accept that flux through a loop can induce a voltage in the loop. I would recommend typing 'green's theorem MIT' into youtube and watching the lecture by Prof. Auroux.
 

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