The discussion centers on the rule that prohibits applicants from applying to both Cambridge and Oxford in the same year, despite them being separate institutions. This policy appears to stem from a combination of tradition and practical considerations, such as managing application numbers and ensuring that accepted students are likely to enroll. The rule is officially noted in UCAS guidelines, which govern university applications in the UK. Participants speculate that this restriction enhances the prestige of both universities and simplifies their admissions processes. There is also mention of the challenges faced by state school students in navigating these application rules, which can create barriers to entry. The conversation touches on broader issues in the UK education system, including grade inflation and the impact of GCSE science curriculum changes on A-level preparedness.