The discussion explores potential causes of Holocene warming over the last 15,000 years, highlighting the influence of Milankovitch cycles and increased greenhouse gases like CO2 and methane. It suggests that the upper ocean layers may have experienced reduced vertical turnover, contributing to surface warming and subsequently atmospheric warming. The relationship between ocean heat dynamics and the observed increase in atmospheric temperatures is emphasized, questioning whether oceanic heat changes play a more significant role than the rise in CO2 levels alone. Accurate temperature measurements indicate that the oceans are warming, with heat transferring from the atmosphere. The uncertainty surrounding the rate of oceanic turnover is noted, with implications for future atmospheric warming if turnover slows.