Centripetal Motion Problems: Solving for Velocity and Acceleration

In summary, the questions ask for the dot product of v and a, and the cross product of r and a in a uniform circular motion. In this scenario, acceleration is always inward toward the center and velocity is tangent to the curved path. The dot product will be a scalar value and the cross product will result in a vector perpendicular to the components involved. The specific numerical values are not as important as understanding the operations and directions involved.
  • #1
helpmeplease8
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Homework Statement



A centripetal-acceleration addict rides in uniform circular motion with period T = 4 s and radius r = 3.00 m. At one instant his acceleration is a = (7.00 m/s2)i + (-3.00 m/s2)j . At that instant, what are the following values?

(a) v·a
(b) r x a

Homework Equations



2∏r/T = speed
v^2/r = acceleration
(4*∏^2*r)/T^2 = acceleration

The Attempt at a Solution



a) (32.97m^2/s^3)i + (-14.13m^2/s^3)j
b) (21m^2/s^2)i + (-9m^2/s^2)j

Are these right?
 
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  • #2
You don't need to crank out any numbers for the questions asked. In uniform circular motion, acceleration is always inward toward the center, and the instantaneous velocity is tangent to the curved path, perpendicular to the acceleration vector. You are asked to find the dot product of v and a, and the cross product of r and a.
 
  • #3
Welcome to PF.
The dot product is the component of one vector along another. The resulting value is a scalar and will not have directional components (i and j).

The cross product is the resulting vector that is perpendicular to each component involved. The magnitude of this is equal to the parallelogram formed.

The point of this problem is to get you to focus on the directions and operations involved. The numbers aren't that important.
 

1. What is centripetal motion?

Centripetal motion is the motion of an object along a circular path with a constant speed. It is always directed towards the center of the circle and is caused by a centripetal force.

2. What is the formula for centripetal force?

The formula for centripetal force is Fc = (mv^2)/r, where Fc is the centripetal force, m is the mass of the object, v is the velocity, and r is the radius of the circle.

3. What is the difference between centripetal force and centrifugal force?

Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path, while centrifugal force is the apparent outward force that seems to pull an object away from the center of rotation. In reality, centrifugal force is just an inertial force and does not actually exist.

4. How does centripetal force relate to Newton's laws of motion?

Centripetal force is a result of Newton's First Law of Motion, which states that an object in motion will stay in motion with a constant speed and direction unless acted upon by an external force. In the case of centripetal motion, the centripetal force acts as the external force that keeps the object moving in a circular path.

5. What are some real-life examples of centripetal motion?

Some examples of centripetal motion include the Earth orbiting the Sun, a satellite orbiting the Earth, a car turning around a curve, and a bucket of water being spun around in a circle without spilling.

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