To differentiate the expression (2x^2 - 3x + 1)(4x^3 + 4x - 3)^5, the product rule and chain rule are essential. The product rule states that the derivative of a product of two functions is the first function times the derivative of the second plus the second function times the derivative of the first. For the second function, (4x^3 + 4x - 3)^5, the chain rule is applied by letting u = (4x^3 + 4x - 3), leading to the derivative db/dx = 5u^4(du/dx). This approach allows for systematic differentiation of complex polynomial expressions. Understanding these rules is crucial for solving similar calculus problems effectively.