The discussion focuses on applying Beer-Lambert law to a spectrophotometry problem involving the absorbance of iron and copper in a solution. The key equation, A = ε * l * c, is used to relate absorbance to concentration, where the total absorbance is the sum of the individual absorbances of each substance. Participants emphasize that the observed absorbance can be calculated by adding the contributions from each component, which is crucial for understanding the setup of the equations. Clarification is sought on why absorbances are additive, particularly when multiple substances are present. The explanation reiterates that each substance absorbs light independently, making the total absorbance a cumulative measure.