Combinatorics Problem: Seating a Family of 8 with Twins and Siblings

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SUMMARY

The problem involves seating the Jones family, consisting of 5 boys and 3 girls (with 2 girls being twins), in a row of 8 chairs under specific conditions. The twins must sit together, while their other sister cannot sit next to them. The correct approach involves treating the twins as a single unit, leading to a calculation of arrangements as 2! × 7! for the twins together. To exclude arrangements where the third sister is adjacent, the calculation must be adjusted by considering the three sisters as a single entity, resulting in a more accurate count of valid arrangements.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of combinatorial principles, specifically permutations and arrangements.
  • Familiarity with the concept of treating groups as single entities in combinatorial problems.
  • Knowledge of the "count the complement" technique in combinatorics.
  • Basic factorial calculations (e.g., 2!, 3!, 6!, 7!).
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the principles of permutations with restrictions in combinatorial mathematics.
  • Study the "counting with restrictions" technique in combinatorial problems.
  • Explore examples of arranging groups with specific adjacency conditions.
  • Practice similar combinatorial problems involving twins or groups with restrictions.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying combinatorics, educators teaching permutation concepts, and anyone interested in solving complex seating arrangement problems with specific conditions.

Mr Davis 97
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Homework Statement


The Jones family has 5 boys and 3 girls, and 2 of the girls are twins. In how many ways can they be seated in a row of 8 chairs if the twins insist on sitting together, and their other sister refuses to sit next to either of her sisters?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I thought that I could use a "count the complement" technique. First, we would count the the number of ways to just have the two twins paired together. This would be ##2! \cdot 7!## ways. However, this over counts because it includes the pairs where the other sister is adjacent. Thus, we subtract from this ##3! \cdot 6!##, which is the number of arrangements where the other sister is adjacent to the other sisters. This gives 5760. However, this is not the right answer. What am I doing wrong?
 
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Mr Davis 97 said:

Homework Statement


The Jones family has 5 boys and 3 girls, and 2 of the girls are twins. In how many ways can they be seated in a row of 8 chairs if the twins insist on sitting together, and their other sister refuses to sit next to either of her sisters?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I thought that I could use a "count the complement" technique. First, we would count the the number of ways to just have the two twins paired together. This would be 2!⋅7!2!⋅7!2! \cdot 7! ways. However, this over counts because it includes the pairs where the other sister is adjacent. Thus, we subtract from this 3!⋅6!3!⋅6!3! \cdot 6!, which is the number of arrangements where the other sister is adjacent to the other sisters. This gives 5760. However, this is not the right answer. What am I doing wrong?

You are right about the number of ways to just have the two twins paired together (##2!\times 7!##). But then, to account for the third sister not being adjacent, you have to think more carefully. As a hint, I recommend to treat the three sisters together. Now, how many ways are there to arrange this with the boys? How many about the three sisters together?
 
Mr Davis 97 said:
we subtract from this 3!⋅6!,
Please explain your reasoning for that number. Remember, you have already combined the twins into one entity.
 

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