Computing an improper integral

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SUMMARY

The improper integral \(\int^{1}_{0}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}\) evaluates to \(\frac{\pi}{2}\). The integral is classified as improper due to the behavior of the integrand \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}\) as \(x\) approaches 1, where it tends to infinity. The correct approach involves taking the limit: \(\lim_{t\rightarrow1^{-}}\int^{t}_{0}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}\), confirming that the integral converges to \(\frac{\pi}{2}\).

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  • Familiarity with the arcsine function
  • Basic integration techniques
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  • Explore the application of limits in definite integrals
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Students studying calculus, particularly those focusing on integration techniques and improper integrals, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to limits and convergence in integrals.

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Homework Statement



[tex]\int^{1}_{0}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}[/tex]

Homework Equations



None

The Attempt at a Solution



[tex]\int^{1}_{0}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} = sin^{-1}x\right|^{1}_{0}[/tex]

[tex]sin^{-1}x\right|^{1}_{0} = \frac{\pi}{2} - 0[/tex]

so the final answer is just pi/2. I have no problem computing the answer, but it's in the improper integrals section of the textbook...but I don't see this as being an improper integral. There's no need to deal with infinity at all, no asymptotes, no discontinuity on the closed interval [0,1].

Am I missing something?
 
Last edited:
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What happens to [tex]1/\sqrt{1-x^2}[/tex] as [itex]x\to1\quad[/itex]?
 
Good call. Fixed it and showed a few extra steps, namely:

[tex]\int^{1}_{0}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}} = lim_{t\rightarrow1^{-}}\int^{t}_{0}\frac{dx}{\sqrt{1-x^{2}}}[/tex]

then just computed the integral which is arcsin x, and the limit as t approaches 1 from the left for arcsin t is just pi/2.

Yay! Thanks!
 

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